| Trams have experienced the rise and fall of centuries,and now they are welcomed by various cities because their development and operation mode are in line with the concept of modern urban construction.There are different forms and structures of low-floor vehicles with different dynamic performances,and vehicles with different structural forms have their own advantages and disadvantages.The single-model three-module tram is flexible in marshalling,simple in manufacture and strong in adaptability,and is a representative type of low-floor vehicles.Due to the distinctive design concepts of different periods and manufacturers,the threemodule trams of different models have differences in the fixed position of the bogie and the length of the intermediate car,and this difference will bring about differences in vehicle dynamics.At the same time,in order to deal with the kinking movement of the vehicle when passing through the curve,different models have adopted different methods.At present,there are few domestic studies on the influence and interaction of vehicle length,fixed distance and antikinking system on vehicle dynamics,and there is a lack of detailed comparative analysis research.Based on this,the comprehensive influence of the length,distance and anti-kinking device of the three-module tram on the vehicle were analyzed and studied in this paper.First of all,the typical models and characteristics of trams,the advantages and disadvantages of each structure were summarized,and mathematical methods were used to check the small-radius curve pass ability of the three-module tram.The calculation analysis shows that when passing through a small radius curve,the increase of the fixed distance will lead to the increase of the yaw angle of the vehicle to a large extent,and the decrease of the length of the middle car will also lead to the increase of the yaw angle of the vehicle,but to a lesser extent.On this basis,a three-module tram dynamics model with different car lengths and fixed distances was established in SIMPACK software,and the three-car isometric model is used as the benchmark to compare its passing straight lines under the conditions of different car lengths and fixed distances,the dynamic performance of large radius curves and small radius curves.The calculation results show that increasing the fixed distance is generally beneficial to the dynamic performance of the vehicle on a straight line,but not good to the dynamic performance on the curve;shortening the length of the T car is generally beneficial to the dynamic performance of the vehicle on a straight line,but not on the curve.The dynamic performance is unfavorable.Finally,based on Simulink,a joint simulation model of the vehicle dynamics model was established in SIMPACK and the anti-kinking hydraulic system model was established in AMESim,and the impact of the anti-kinking system on the vehicle dynamics were calculated and analyzed,then the solution were compared with the situation without installing the anti-kink system.The calculation results show that when passing through a small radius curve,the antikink system can effectively control the kinking motion of the vehicle and reduce the yaw angle of the front vehicle and the middle vehicle,but it will lead to the deterioration of the vehicle dynamic performance;a larger increase in the fixed distance At the same time,shortening the length of the intermediate car is worse than installing the anti-kink system in reducing the yaw angle,but the dynamic performance of the vehicle is not as good as installing the anti-kink system;The distance is not as good as the addition of anti-kink system in reducing the yaw angle of the vehicle,but the dynamic performance of the vehicle is worse than that of adding anti-kink system. |
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