A Study On The Influence Mechanism Of Urban Wetland Parks On Urban Livability

As an important supplement to the urban greening system,urban wetland parks have a role that cannot be matched by other urban parks.Because of their unique characteristics,urban wetland parks have their own urban,wetland and park attributes,which perfectly fit the increasing demand of urban residents to get closer to nature,optimize the quality of urban residents’ living environment and improve the quality of urban livability.However,after all,urban wetland parks are still a new thing,with only ten years of development time,most of the scholars still focus on the development and construction of urban wetland parks,and the planning and design mainly rely on the professionalism of the designers,while paying less attention to the actual needs of the actual users of urban wetland parks-the urban residents.As a result,the urban wetland parks that have been built with a lot of human and material resources do not meet the needs of urban residents and are far from the original expectations of the builders.In this context,studying the influence mechanism of urban wetland parks on urban livability and proposing optimization strategies for urban wetland parks from the perspective of urban residents,the users of urban wetland parks,is important for solving the problems of existing urban wetland parks,enhancing the value of ecological services provided by them,and improving new urban wetland parks for subsequent development.It is of great significance.This paper takes the most representative urban wetland park in Meishan City,Sichuan Province as the research object,through literature combing,field interviews and field research on Dongpo urban wetland park,35 observed variables in 10 evaluation factors at 3 levels,including independent variables,dependent variables and mediating variables at 3 levels,the independent variable is the urban wetland park itself,the dependent variable is livability,and the mediating variable is ecosystem service function.The independent variable is the urban wetland park itself,the dependent variable is habitability,and the mediating variable is ecosystem service function.The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS software and AMOS software combined with factor analysis and structural equation modeling.After a series of research and analysis,we finally obtained the latent variables,observed variables and influence mechanism of Meishan Dongpo Urban Wetland Park.Based on the standardized path coefficients of the revised structural equation model,the path coefficient method was used to calculate the weights of the observed and latent variables,and finally to evaluate the overall satisfaction of urban residents in Meishan with the Dongpo Urban Wetland Park.Finally,the conclusions of the study are used to suggest improvements for the optimization of the Dongpo Urban Wetland Park in Meishan.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The influence mechanism of urban wetland park on livability in Dongpo,Meishan is divided into 3 levels,10 evaluation factors and 35 observed variables.The 3 levels include independent variables,dependent variables and mediating variables;the independent variable is the urban wetland park itself,the dependent variable is livability and the mediating variable is ecosystem service function.Under the urban wetland park,there are 5 evaluation factors including ecological conditions,landscape construction,economic development,social performance,culture and education,etc.,and 15 observation variables including water quality,biodiversity,greening conditions,tourism income,residents’ income,employment status,recreational activities,environmental awareness,thematic connotation,public space,leisure and recreation,urban recognition,water despite,walking experience,landscape nodes,etc.variables.The secondary intermediary latent variables of ecosystem service functions consist of four latent variables: support service level 1,supply service level 1,regulation service level1,and cultural service level 1,including groundwater level,waste water,silt accumulation,soil fertility,recreational activities,special culture,wetland culture,ecotourism,climate regulation,air quality,soil erosion,shore protection and disaster prevention,animal resources,plant resources,ornamental scenery,and vegetation nodes.There are 16 observed variables,including animal resources,plant resources,ornamental scenery,and vegetation space.The livability,which is the dependent variable,also acts as an independent evaluation factor by itself,including 4 observed variables,such as revisiting,improving environment,willingness to recommend,and proximity of living.(2)The path analysis of the influence mechanism model of Meishan Dongpo Urban Wetland Park on livability can obtain the magnitude of the effect value of each evaluation factor on livability.From the results,it can be seen that the five evaluation factors of urban wetland parks have no direct effect on livability,while ecological conditions,landscape construction,economic development,and social performance have fully mediated effects on livability through the mediating variable ecosystem service function,with indirect effect values of 0.263,0.172,0.243,and 0.174,respectively.It can be inferred that cultural education in urban wetland parks does not have an effect on livability in this study,so the latent variable of cultural education was excluded from the final model.(3)By combining the final model with AMOS software,the results of the questionnaires obtained from the preliminary research are analyzed to obtain the path coefficients of the final model,and the weights of each evaluation factor and the observed variables are calculated by the path coefficient method.The overall evaluation score of Meishan Dongpo Urban Wetland Park is 65.20,which is in the range of 60-80,and the evaluation result is excellent.Among the four evaluation factors,the social performance,ecological conditions,economic development and landscape construction are ranked in the order of evaluation score,and their scores are72.37,72.04,71.78 and 71.56 respectively,which are all in the range of 60-80 and belong to the excellent level.