Optimization Of Atrium Geometric Parameters In Near Zero Energy Consumption Multi Story Office Buildings In Cold Regions

As an important design form of architectural space design,the atrium can provide comfortable public activity space for building users compared with the outdoor environment in cold regions.With the recent development of zero-energy building technology,the spatial scale parameters of the atrium are changing from a single space aesthetic and optimization of experience evaluation to a transitional development to meet the goal of low energy consumption and low carbon in order to meet the comfort of the physical environment of the space.At present,the architectural design phase of the actual engineering of office buildings does not consider the relationship between the atrium and the thermal environment of the room.Most of the atrium space and rooms are regarded as a whole,and the same cooling and heating measures are adopted,which increases the overall building energy consumption.In another case,the thermal environment of the atrium space is neglected in order to save costs,and air-conditioning cooling and heating measures are not adopted,resulting in a poor physical environment of the atrium space.Therefore,less consideration is given to the relationship between the atrium and the overall building thermal environment and energy consumption,and the influence of the atrium’s spatial geometric parameters on the overall energy consumption of the building.Therefore,based on the multi-objectives of atrium thermal environment comfort,construction cost and carbon emission,this study conducts a refined study on the geometric scale parameters of atrium space.Firstly,it analyzes the development trend of public building space form,atrium design form and space energy-saving design method in cold regions.Secondly,tests and questionnaires are carried out on the environmental comfort of the atrium,so as to determine the measures to optimize the thermal environment comfort of the atrium through simulation.On this basis,the relationship between the atrium geometry and related parameters and building energy consumption is quantified again.Finally,based on the selection of optimization parameters,the performance optimization objective is determined,and the multi-objective optimization model is constructed and optimized.The specific research is divided into the following four parts:(1)Establish a theoretical framework for architectural atrium design from the aspects of form and classification,space organization design,physical environment parameters,and building energy-saving design methods.From the perspective of architectural design,energy saving and improving the comfort of the building’s indoor environment,the concept and importance of building energy-saving space design,and the importance of building atrium and other transitional space design to building space organization are discussed.Therefore,the detailed study on the energy-saving design of the interior space of the building will help reduce the discomfort of the thermal environment in the atrium and other transitional spaces caused by heat transfer and solar radiation heat gain,and reduce the heating and cooling demand of the building from the architectural design stage.(2)The thermal environment in the atriums of near-zero energy buildings and common public buildings was investigated through field tests and questionnaires.Based on the main characteristics of hot summer and severe cold in winter in cold regions,the temperature,humidity and wind speed parameters of the atrium in summer and winter were tested,and the comfort feeling of people to the thermal environment of the atrium was investigated by questionnaire survey.Based on this and considering the factors affecting thermal comfort from the perspective of architectural design,the influence of different atrium inner partition wall heat transfer coefficients,atrium transparent enclosure structure shading forms,and air conditioner opening conditions on energy consumption and thermal environment comfort were analyzed with the help of Design Builder software simulation.Influence.(3)Based on(2)research on the thermal environment comfort of the atrium,the quantitative relationship between the geometric parameters of the atrium and the ratio of skylights and building energy consumption is studied.First,the geometric parameters of the atrium,the atrium height-span ratio(HSR),the atrium building volume ratio(VR),the skylight area ratio(SR),and the atrium face-to-depth ratio(FDR)were selected as parameter variables,and the parametric modeling method based on Grasshopper was used to carry out Parametric modeling.Then use Ladybug and Honeybee energy consumption simulation software to conduct single factor sensitivity analysis on the above parameters,and after passing 1280 energy consumption simulations,use SPSS to perform multiple linear regression on the data,and analyze the impact of each parameter on building heating energy consumption,cooling The degree of influence of energy consumption and total energy consumption.And found a new key parameter(atrium body shape coefficient ratio).And use the Design Explorer software to make a visual optimization strategy selection for energy-oriented single-objective design.(4)Based on the quantitative relationship in(3),apply Octopus multi-objective optimization software,take the building atrium and other space area,building operation carbon emissions,and building cost in the whole life cycle as the performance optimization goals,and optimize the space-related atrium geometry parameters —— Atrium height-span ratio,atrium building volume ratio,skylight area ratio,atrium width-depth ratio,multi-objective optimization is carried out,non-dominated solution set is obtained,and an optimal plan is obtained based on the optimization results,which is a near-zero energy consumption public building in cold regions The design scheme of the atrium shape of the building is preferably provided as a reference.