A Study On Low-carbon Renewal Strategy Of Beijing’s Historical And Cultural Districts Based On Residential Function

The negative impact of global warming on human living environment has become increasingly prominent.Countries around the world are pushing forward the process of addressing climate change through international negotiations.In the process of rapid urbanization,carbon neutral city construction is the key point to achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.At present,the researches on urban low carbon renewal and reconstruction are mostly for the old districts and residential buildings in cities,but there is lack of research on traditional residential buildings.As a special historical product of Beijing,the historical and cultural blocks have a large number,particularity and complexity,which must be paid attention to in the field of urban renewal.The number of historical and cultural districts in Beijing,which mainly focus on residential functions,is relatively high.At present,the living space of many historical and cultural districts is obsolete and dilapidated,the living environment quality is low,the building energy consumption is high,and the low-carbon problem becomes particularly prominent.Therefore,it is crucial to take low-carbon as the leading role in the renewal.How to improve the quality of living space and realize energy conservation and emission reduction on the premise of fully respecting the architectural style and structural layout of historical and cultural blocks is the difficulty of low-carbon renovation of historical and cultural blocks.Based on the existing literature foundation and domestic and foreign cases of low-carbon renewal and renovation of residential space,this paper focuses on the historical and cultural districts in Beijing that focus on residential functions,and studies the strategies of low-carbon renewal and renovation respectively from the level of individual buildings,courtyards and blocks.Taking the Xianyukou District area as an example,this paper analyzes its low-carbon problems through field research on the current situation,and selects the strategy suitable for the implementation of the Xianyukou District area from the summary above for transformation design.Firstly,by studying the low-carbon renewal and transformation cases of traditional residential houses and historical and cultural blocks in China,as well as the low-carbon renewal and transformation cases of residential communities and traditional villages in foreign countries,this paper analyzes and summarizes the common experience and differences in the low-carbon renewal and transformation of residential Spaces at home and abroad,and sorts out the low-carbon transformation methods used,which is the basis for the study of low-carbon renewal and transformation strategies.Secondly,according to the above review,the objectives and influencing factors of low-carbon renewal and transformation of Beijing’s historical and cultural districts based on residential functions are determined.Then,according to the particularity of Beijing’s historical and cultural blocks,the low-carbon renovation strategy suitable for Beijing’s historical and cultural blocks based on residential function is discussed from the level of building monoculture,building community and block,and the green construction experience of historical and cultural blocks based on residential function is extracted,which is applied to the later low-carbon renewal design practice as "prototype" experience.Finally,taking Xianyukou District as an example,this paper analyzes the current low-carbon problems of this area.In terms of single building,it analyzes the material space factors that affect the low-carbon traditional residential buildings from the aspects of main building materials and body shape coefficient.In terms of the building courtyard,the problems are mainly found in the carbon emission of the circulation system and the rainwater drainage in the courtyard.At the block level,based on Ladybug,the orientation of building groups in the area,sunshine duration and projection of winter solstice are analyzed,and some building groups with low carbon problems are found.At the same time,the influences of the summer solstice daily mean solar radiation,tree vegetation and underlying surface material on the thermal environment of the external space and the carbon sink benefit of the green space in the area are analyzed,and it is found that some external Spaces have low-carbon problems.Based on the analysis of low-carbon issues in Xianyu District,combined with the influence of cold areas,historical and cultural districts and the overall planning of Beijing on low-carbon renewal and reconstruction previously studied,and based on the 3R principle,eco-city theory and sustainable city development theory,the design is carried out under the guidance of the above-mentioned low-carbon renewal and reconstruction strategy of Beijing historical and cultural districts that focus on residential functions.Measures such as adding sunshine room,adding new Windows inside the original window and thermal insulation transformation of the outer protective structure are taken on the single building.Measures such as optimizing the layout of the courtyard on the building courtyard,establishing the design of ecological rainwater collection system and biological water purification system are taken on the block level.Measures such as optimizing the greening shading system,adding green bodies to mix tree species and changing the underlying surface material are taken.So as to realize the whole low carbon renewal and transformation of Xianyukou District area.Finally,a low-carbon renewal strategy of different levels from small to large is formed.It is hoped that every level of the block can achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction from building monomer to courtyard to block.