| In modern social and economic development,credit is closely related to people’s daily life.Credit management of enterprises is not only the surface risk management,and the operational development of enterprises is also inseparable.From the viewpoint of the market competition of shipping enterprises in recent years,in order to complete the monthly sales task,often before the business is carried out did not carry out a detailed investigation of the customer’s business status,in which there will indeed be many enterprises with extremely low credit.In this case,if encountering individual enterprises is a short-term liquidity problems,enterprises can be measured by the usual cooperation and historical box volume to give a certain payment time grace period,for daily credit general or poor customers,enterprises can even defend their interests through legal channels.This process will cost enterprises a lot of opportunity costs and affect the development and growth of business.In order to establish a good credit management relationship between enterprises,this paper explores the credit risk management problems faced by maritime enterprises by analyzing the current credit situation and credit influencing factors of maritime enterprises and constructing a credit evaluation model by combining hierarchical analysis method,and proposes corresponding optimization solutions.Firstly,we clarified the concepts of creditworthiness,"5P" and "5C" models and credit rating,and the theoretical basis of credit system,layer analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,and then we investigated and analyzed the current credit situation and influencing factors of maritime enterprises through questionnaire survey.It is understood that many maritime enterprises lack credit risk management awareness.Based on the previous research on credit,we determined the credit evaluation index system based on four aspects such as corporate culture,integrity evaluation,business environment and financial status,calculated the index weights by hierarchical analysis method,constructed the credit evaluation model by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,and established the credit rating classification standard applicable to maritime enterprises with reference to the credit evaluation standards.And the credit rating was carried out for the customer representatives of TX freight forwarding company,which basically matched with the actual business cooperation and verified the practical operability of the model.According to the credit risk problem of shipping enterprises,the optimization plan was proposed,including strengthening the publicity and attention of enterprise culture credit management;enhancing the business strength of enterprises and conforming to the development trend of the industry;improving the credit management system of enterprises while doing a good job of credit risk management;grading the customers of enterprises and maximizing the use of grading management to enhance the economic benefits of enterprises;cooperating with the peers of shipping enterprises and Establish an industry information resource sharing platform,etc.This article analyzes the factors affecting creditworthiness from the aspects of internal development and external environment.The internal influence mainly includes four aspects,such as corporate culture,scale strength,human resources management and risk control,etc.The emphasis is on the spiritual guidance of corporate culture to the employees,and performance and salary management in human resources management,which has a great encouraging effect on the employees’ credit management execution in the face of customers at work.In addition the article takes TX freight forwarding company as an example for research and analysis,and provides solutions for freight forwarding companies in maritime enterprises to credit risk management problems,which has practical significance for the financial risk and healthy development of freight forwarding companies. |
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