| Objective:Civil aviation flight safety is the top priority in the development of the civil aviation industry.Although with the improvement of the level of science and technology,the safety and reliability performance of aircraft has been improved,and the incidence of flight accidents has been significantly reduced,civil aviation flight safety still cannot be neglected.Although the incidence of civil aviation flight safety accidents is very small,the devastating results are usually huge.Pilots are the most important part of the "man-aircraft-environment" in the flight scene.Meanwhile,according to data statistics,flight safety accidents caused by human factors account for more than 70%,and every qualified pilot begins to receive systematic flight training from pilot trainees.Therefore,It is of great theoretical significance and practical demand to explore the brain function mechanism related to flight training of flight cadets.Methods:Based on longitudinal time study,this study selected two periods(the first stage was before participating in flight training;In the second stage,the pilot cadet group received systematic flight training for a certain number of years,and the general ground students group did not participate in other special training during this period.)rs-fMRI scanning was performed on 25 pilot cadets and 24 ground students.Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation(ALFF),amplitude of low frequency fluctuation(Kendall’s coefficient concordance Regional Homogeneity,Kcc-Re Ho and Coherence based Regional Homogeneity(Cohe-Re Ho)parameters were used to investigate the differences in resting brain function of cadets,and to explore the higher neural mechanisms related to systematic flight training.After calculating the ALFF,Kcc-Re Ho and Cohe-Re Ho parameters respectively,2*2 mixed analysis of variance(ANOVA)was performed on the four groups of m ALFF data,four groups of Sm Kcc-Re Ho data and four groups of Sm Cohe-Re Ho data.Alphasim multiple comparison correction(P<0.001)was carried out on the results,and Post-hoc analysis was made on the corrected data using SPSS27.0 software to analyze and compare the interaction main effect between the two groups of subjects,and finally the difference brain region of interaction main effect was obtained.Results:1.ALFF resultsAt rest,significant differences were found in the left cuneus and right middle frontal gyrus.According to the post-analysis,the two-sample T-test of the two groups of data before systematic flight training in the left cuneus showed that there was no significant difference between the cadet pilot group and the common ground student group in this brain region(t=-1.366,P=0.179,Two-tailed).The two-sample T-test results of the two groups of data after systematic flight training showed that the pilot cadet group was stronger than the common ground student group(t=3.175,P=0.003<0.05,Two-tailed).At the same time,by comparing the growth of the cadet group,it was found that the brain activity of the cadet group was significantly enhanced after participating in systematic flight training(t=5.321,P<0.001,Two-tailed),while the brain activity of the common ground students who did not participate in systematic flight training was significantly decreased(t=-2.388,P=0.026,Two-tailed).At the right superior frontal gyrus,the two-sample T-test of the two groups of data before systematic flight training showed that there was no significant difference between the pilot cadet group and the common ground student group in this brain region(t=-0.940,P=0.352,Two-tailed).The two-sample T-test results of the two groups of data after systematic flight training showed that the pilot cadet group was stronger than the common ground student group(t=2.327,P=0.024,Two-tailed).At the same time,compared with their own growth,it was found that after participating in systematic flight training,the brain activity of the pilot cadet group was enhanced,but not significant(t=1.861,P=0.075,Two-tailed),while the brain activity of the common ground student group that did not participate in systematic flight training was significantly reduced(t=-4.863,P<0.001,Two-tailed).2.Kcc-Re Ho resultsAt rest,the significant difference was in the right superior frontal gyrus.According to the post-analysis,the two-sample T-test of the two groups of data before systematic flight training found that there was no significant difference in this brain region between the pilot cadet group and the common ground student group(t=-1.484,P=0.144,Two-tailed).The results of the two-sample t test of the two groups of data after flight training showed that the cadet group was stronger than the common ground student group(t=2.190,P=0.034,Two-tailed).At the same time,compared with their own growth,it was found that after participating in systematic flight training,the brain activity of pilot cadets was enhanced,but not significant(t=1.781,P=0.088,Two-tailed).However,the activity of the brain regions of the common ground students who did not participate in systematic flight training was significantly decreased(t=-5.472,P<0.001,Two-tailed).3.Cohe-Re Ho resultsAt rest,significant differences were found in the right middle frontal gyrus and right auxiliary motor areas.According to the postmortem analysis,in the right medial frontal gyrus,the two-sample T-test of the two groups of data before systematic flight training showed that there was no significant difference between the pilot cadet group and the common ground student group in this brain region(t=-1.413,P=0.164,Two-tailed).The two-sample t test results of the two groups of data after systematic flight training showed that the cadet group was stronger than the common ground student group(t=2.641,P=0.011,Two-tailed).At the same time,compared with their own growth,it was found that after participating in systematic flight training,the brain activity of pilot cadets was enhanced,but not significant(t=1.108,P=0.088).However,the activity of the brain regions of the common ground students who did not participate in systematic flight training was significantly decreased(t=-5.841,P<0.001,Two-tailed).In the right auxiliary motor area,the two-sample t test of the two groups of data before systematic flight training found that there was no significant difference in this brain area between the pilot cadet group and the common ground student group(t=-1.943,P=0.058,Two-tailed),while the two-sample t test of the two groups of data after systematic flight training.The results showed that the cadet group was stronger than the ground student group(t=3.030,P=0.004,double tail).Meanwhile,compared with their own growth,it was found that the brain activity of the cadet group was significantly enhanced after participating in systematic flight training(t=2.252,P=0.034,Two-tailed).However,the activity of the brain regions of the common ground students who did not participate in systematic flight training was significantly decreased(t=-5.841,P<0.001,Two-tailed).Conclusion:In this thesis,rs-fMRI technology is used to study the longitudinal changes of brain function difference between flight cadets and ordinary ground students after systematic flight training.The analysis of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation and local consistency index parameter values shows that compared with ordinary ground students,After systematic flight training,the neuronal activity in the brain regions related to visual network,emotional regulation ability,task perception ability and other functions was significantly enhanced.At the same time,the pilot trainees after systematic flight training showed stronger emotional regulation ability,task perception ability and other functions,and the low-frequency amplitude value of the enhanced brain region and the local consistency strength value were significantly positively correlated with the agreeableness of cognitive ability. |
PDF Full Text Request