Study On The Influence Of Environmental Factors On The Temperature And Performance Of Solar Photovoltaic Modules

As an important part of solar photovoltaic power generation system,photovoltaic modules convert the received solar radiation energy into power output,and its power generation performance has always been the focus of attention.However,the change of environmental factors affects the temperature of photovoltaic modules,thereby affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power.Therefore,it is necessary to study the temperature characteristics and output characteristics of photovoltaic modules under different environmental factors.Taking the photovoltaic array of our school as the research object,the artificial ash deposition test was carried out.The heat transfer model of photovoltaic modules with the same experimental conditions was established in COMSOL software,and the numerical simulation results were close to the experimental results,which verified the rationality of the simulation method.Therefore,the effects of environmental factors such as ambient temperature,wind speed and irradiance on the temperature of photovoltaic modules under clean and ash deposition conditions were simulated and compared.Based on the empirical formula of photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power,the influence of the above factors on the output characteristics of photovoltaic modules is further explored.The results show that:1)The increase of wind speed is beneficial to reduce the temperature of photovoltaic modules and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power.When the wind speed increases from 2m/s to 8m/s,the temperature of photovoltaic modules decreases by 15℃,the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power increase by about 1%and 8%respectively.2)The temperature and output power of photovoltaic modules are linearly and positively correlated with irradiance,while the photoelectric conversion efficiency is linearly and negatively correlated with irradiance.3)The temperature of photovoltaic module increases with the increase of ambient temperature,and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power decrease.When the ambient temperature increases by 1℃,the temperature of photovoltaic module also increases by about 1℃,and the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power decrease by about 0.06%and 0.4%,respectively.4)Compared with the clean state,when the ash deposition density is 22 g/m~2,the temperature of the photovoltaic module decreases by 8℃,and the photoelectric conversion efficiency increases by about 0.55%,but the output power decreases by nearly 27%,indicating that the ash deposition reduces the temperature of the photovoltaic module and increases the photoelectric conversion efficiency,but seriously inhibits the output of the photovoltaic module.5)The correlation order between environmental factors and temperature of photovoltaic modules is ambient temperature>irradiance>wind speed>ash density,and the correlation order with output power is irradiance>ash density>ambient temperature>wind speed.6)By solving the multiple linear regression equation,it is found that the temperature of photovoltaic modules increases by 0.96℃and 0.014℃respectively when the ambient temperature and irradiance increase by 1 unit,and the temperature of photovoltaic modules decreases by 1.414℃and 0.147℃respectively when the wind speed and ash density increase by 1 unit.