Comparative Study On Architectural Decoration Patterns Of Official Academy And Folk Academy In Northeast Hunan

Traditional academy building is an educational institution in ancient China.Academy originated in Zhou Dynasty,developed in Tang and Song Dynasties,and gradually declined and transformed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.Decorative patterns of buildings play an important role in academy buildings,in which patterns not only play a decorative role,but also represent the development and precipitation of social culture.After the decline of academies in the middle and late Qing Dynasty,some academies successfully transformed into new-style schools and modern schools,which served as buildings for concentrating culture and education in the new era.Due to historical reasons,the style of modern college architectural decoration in China has borrowed too much from western architecture,which is due to the lack of attention and research of modern researchers on college decorative patterns.This paper investigates and analyzes the existing decorative patterns of academy buildings in northeast Hunan,and summarizes two representative government-run academies and two folk academies for comparative study.The four academies are: Changsha Yuelu Academy(government-run),Zhuzhou Liling Lujiang Academy(government-run),Zhuzhou Yanling Yiquan Academy(folk)and Yueyang Pingjiang Tianyue Academy(folk).The four traditional academy buildings are relatively intact,or they were built or repaired in the same period,and have certain historical and cultural accumulation and research value.Yuelu Academy: In 1988,it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit;Lu Academy:In 1986,it was listed as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit;Tianyue Academy: a typical Huizhou architecture in the late Qing Dynasty,which was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit in 1982;Minjiang Academy: Chaling Academy has the longest history,the largest scale and the most far-reaching influence.At the same time,according to the historical background,site selection environment,building materials,overall color of buildings,types of decorative patterns and decorative themes of the four academies,through literature search,on-the-spot mapping,photography and other methods,the parts of architectural decorative patterns involved in the four academies were sorted out and studied in detail,and the styles of decorative patterns were summarized and compared.At the same time,it summarizes the differences in decorative patterns between government-run academies and folk academies,the concrete reasons for the differences and the political,economic,cultural and other factors that influence the patterns.