| With the constant development of industrialization in China,there has been a growing demand for various liquid resources.Meanwhile,liquid tankers have been widely used in all aspects of life,contributing significantly to social and economic development.In practice,liquid tankers are subjected to relatively complex working conditions.When the liquid in the tank shakes due to external forces,it tends to cause impact on the inner wall of the tank,thus damaging the tank.Furthermore,it can lead to the leakage of the transported liquid,which causes serious traffic accidents.Therefore,this paper starts with a reference made to the relevant national standards and the data provided by the internship enterprises,for the design and construction of a three-dimensional solid model for the tank.Then,the principle of fluid-solid coupling and finite element simulation software are applied to systematically study the impact caused by the liquid under the action of external forces on the tank and the stability of its movement.Also,the improvement of its structure is achieved through the analysis of experimental results,which provides a significant theoretical reference for research on the scientific design of liquid tankers.The main contributions of this article are as follows:(1)According to the relevant national regulations,a type of recyclable lightweight metal was selected as the raw material to produce the tank.Then,the thicknesses of the cylinder,front and rear heads and wave guard was calculated to design the supports and conduct stress check for ensuring the rationality of the designed supports.Four different types of tanks were designed either in the presence or absence of waveguard and according to its shape.Then,3D solid modeling was performed using Solid Works software.(2)With the designed tank analyzed from the perspective of mechanics,the relevant mechanical model was established to analyze and calculate the magnitude and direction of the forces applied on the cylinder and the head when the tank was unloaded.Additionally,the distribution of force was analyzed through calculation when the tank was loaded at different rates.Furthermore,by taking into account the movement of the tank under different working conditions,the distribution of force applied to the tank was analyzed through calculation.(3)The basics of fluid-solid coupling theory were described to derive the equations of fluid dynamics control.According to an analysis of how the liquid tanker is used in practice,the movement of the fluid is turbulent when shaken by the force,and there are only two phases of gas and liquid in the tank.Therefore,the standard k-ε two-equation model and the VOF model can be obtained,which provides a theoretical reference for the following experimental study of fluid-solid coupling.(4)With the assistance of finite element simulation software and through two-way fluid-solid coupling research,an experimental simulation was conducted for the four tanks designed in this study under different working conditions and at loading rates to analyze the changes in fluid movement,the effect of the wave guard and the impact of the shape of the wave guard on the fluid.Besides,the structural forces and deformations were analyzed to provide a reference for improving the tank to be mentioned in the following sections.(5)The damped and undamped modal mathematical models were constructed respectively.Also,through the respective structural modal analysis and acoustic modal analysis of these four tanks,the frequencies of external excitation as required to avoid the resonance damage caused to the tank were comparatively analyzed to provide guidance on the improvement of the tank.(6)According to the results of the previous study,the tank was improved in structure,and simulation experiments were conducted again to compare the experimental data obtained before optimization and verify the optimized structure. |
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