| With the rapid increase in urbanisation and socio-economic development,the spreading and expansion of urban boundaries,the gradual gathering of urban population and frequent human social activities have led to radical changes in the structure of urban land,urban green space is being encroached upon and destroyed by construction land,the area of habitat required by plants and animals is decreasing,and the service function of urban ecosystems is gradually degrading.At a time when cities are transforming from high speed development to high quality development,coordinating the relationship between urban ecological protection and economic development is a key step towards sustainable urban green development in the future.As one of China’s top cities in terms of air and sea transport,Changle has become one of the top 100 districts in China in terms of comprehensive strength and technological innovation,and has become an important economic development area in Fuzhou City as a result of its continuous development in recent years.However,the rapid economic development has had a negative impact on the ecological carrying capacity and biodiversity of the region.This study takes Changle District of Fuzhou City as the research object,and is guided by theories of landscape gardening and landscape ecology,in order to achieve sustainable urban green development and coordinate the relationship between economic development and ecological protection.To provide practical strategies for the optimization and construction of green space in Changle District in the future.This study uses the three phases of land use raster data of Changle District from 2000 to 2020 as the base data,analyses the spatial and temporal evolution of the green space pattern in Changle District in terms of green space area structure and landscape pattern index,evaluates the habitat quality of Changle District at three time points using the In VEST model,understands the impact of the evolution of green space pattern on habitat quality and the correlation between the two.Finally,the multiobjective optimization model and Geo SOS-FLUS software were used to predict the green spatial pattern of Changle District in 2030,and to propose targeted green spatial pattern optimization strategies.The results of the study show that:(1)During the study period,the overall area of green space in Changle District shows a continuous decreasing trend,while the area of non-green space shows an increasing trend,mainly reflected in the decreasing area of cultivated land,forest land and grassland,and the continuous increasing area of construction land.The area of green space is constantly being converted to non-green space.(2)The overall landscape level index of Changle District shows a decreasing trend,the fragmentation of the landscape is gradually becoming larger,the heterogeneity of the landscape is further enhanced,the richness and stability of the landscape is decreasing,and the dominance of green space in the landscape is gradually decreasing;the types of adjacent patches of green space are complicating,and the degree of mixing of landscape types is increasing.(3)The habitat quality of Changle District has been decreasing year by year during the study period,from 0.704 to 0.693 and then to 0.682.The area of high habitat shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing;the area of medium habitat shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing;the area of general habitat shows a continuous decreasing trend;the area of low habitat increases year by year and the increase in the rate of increase is obvious.(4)The evolution of green spatial pattern will have an impact on habitat quality,with woodland and water dominating high habitat areas;grassland dominating medium habitat areas;and arable land dominating general habitat areas.There is a significant correlation between the green space landscape pattern index and the habitat quality index,the greater the dominance of green space in the landscape,the higher the habitat quality index will be,and conversely,when the green space landscape fragmentation and landscape heterogeneity increase,the habitat quality index will decrease.(5)Three scenarios of green space optimisation with different development directions are set up by scenario analysis.In terms of benefit results,the overall benefit after optimisation is higher.In terms of area,the overall deviation of the optimised green space area structure is not significant,and the area ratios are all in line with the overall land use plan and economic and social development plan of the study area.In terms of spatial structure,the area of townships with low arable land strength has been reduced under the three scenarios;the areas with increased woodland and grassland are located in the study area with abundant forest and grassland resources;and the areas with increased water area are located in the near sea area and are developed in a continuous manner.(6)The role of urban green space is crucial to the future advancement of rapid urban development to high-quality development,so more attention should be paid to urban green space.The disorderly expansion of construction land should be controlled,the area of green space should be appropriately increased,and the layout of green space should be reasonably planned,with emphasis on the protection of medium and high habitat areas.Relevant departments should formulate strict ecological protection measures and carry out relevant ecological protection activities to increase public participation in ecological protection. |
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