Study On Urban Habitat Quality Assessment And Improvement Methods

Under the background of rapid urbanization,urban biodiversity is under serious threat.The fragmentation of urban green space makes human’s demand for urban biodiversity and ecosystem services very strong.Urban habitat quality,as an important index reflecting the status of biodiversity and ecosystem service level,has been paid more and more attention by domestic and foreign scholars.How to scientifically assessment and improve the quality of urban habitat and its impact on ecosystem services is a difficult problem worth thinking and studying.At present,domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of research on the evaluation and optimization of urban habitat quality,but most of the existing methods of urban habitat quality evaluation have disadvantages such as large demand for data and poor intuitiveness of research results.The InVEST habitat quality model is suitable for habitat quality assessment at various scales due to its easy data availability and visual results.However,the evaluation angle is relatively unitary,the model parameter setting is subjective,and there is still room for further improvement.At the same time,existing studies on urban habitat quality optimization still lack the strategies to comprehensively improve the ecosystem services inside the habitat and the environment around the habitat.Taking Shenzhen City as a case,this paper introduced the IUEMS habitat assessment model,evaluated and analyzed the Shenzhen habitat quality in 2020 through InVEST model and IUEMS model,and analyzed the influencing factors of urban habitat quality,and further discussed the joint assessment method of urban habitat quality.At the same time,from the perspective of ecological protection,multi-scenario habitat quality optimization was simulated and predicted,and the impact of urban habitat optimization on ecosystem services was analyzed,in order to provide reference for future urban habitat planning and biodiversity conservation.The study reached the following conclusions:(1)InVEST habitat quality model believes that habitat quality depends on the degree of proximity between habitat and human land use and the intensity of these land uses.The degree of habitat degradation and habitat quality scores are used to reflect the overall status of habitat quality in the study area.Based on the InVEST habitat quality model,the average habitat quality score of Shenzhen was 0.66.The IUEMS habitat assessment model believes that the habitat quality depends on the ecological and environmental conditions of the patch itself.The calculated results assign a comprehensive habitat score to each habitat patch,with the score ranging from 1 to 1080.Based on the InVEST habitat quality model,the average habitat quality score of Shenzhen was 822.97.(2)Comparative analysis is made between InVEST and IUEMS model,and factors affecting urban habitat quality are analyzed.Then,a joint assessment method is proposed for urban habitat quality,which combines InVEST and IUEMS model results in two ways:semi-qualitative and semi-quantitative assessment and complete quantitative assessment.The results of joint assessment showed that the average habitat quality of Shenzhen was0.71,among which Dapeng New District had the highest habitat quality(0.97)and Futian District had the lowest habitat quality(0.0.45).The main vegetation type in the southeast is woodland,and the human disturbance is less,so the habitat quality is at a high level.The high population density in central and northwest China and the accumulation of construction land have caused great damage to the quality of habitat.(3)Based on the results of the joint assessment of habitat quality in Shenzhen,this study simulated and predicted the urban habitat quality under three scenarios: setting basic objectives,strengthening protection and optimizing facilities,and using the minimum cumulative resistance model to produce scenario data.The results showed that the average habitat quality was improved by 0.08,0.09 and 0.1,respectively.In conclusion,the optimal facility scenario is the best path to optimize the quality of urban habitat,which can minimize the restrictions on urban development and maximize the benefits of economic construction under the premise of meeting the ecological development goals.(4)The correlation between urban habitat quality and ecosystem services was analyzed.The results showed that there was a synergistic relationship between urban habitat quality and ecosystem services on the whole,and there was a significant synergistic relationship between habitat quality and fixed carbon dioxide services.Based on the data in 2020 and the predicted results under the optimized facility scenario,the study further calculated the value of ecosystem services under the optimized facility scenario.Compared with 2020,the service practice and value of ecosystem services showed an upward trend.Habitat quality optimization under the improved facilities scenario increased the total ecosystem product by about 1.242 billion yuan,among which,fixed carbon dioxide service increased by 595,400 yuan,flood regulation and storage service increased by 969,900 yuan,climate regulation service increased by 1.228 billion yuan,and air purification service increased by 3.440,600 yuan.