| With the intensification of China’s aging process,the development of fitness activities for the elderly has attracted much attention.As the most important place for the elderly group to exercise daily and relax their minds,although the development of the park green space in recent years is relatively stable,there is still an uneven distribution,which is difficult to meet the travel needs of the elderly group.Based on this,starting from the needs of the elderly,this paper analyzes the attractive factors of park green space to the elderly,considers the travel characteristics of the elderly,and proposes a two-step floating catchment area method based on the probability of selection on the basis of the two-step floating catchment area method(2SFCA).A two-step floating catchment area method based on selection probability(SP2SFCA)is proposed.In order to explore the spatial differences in the accessibility of park green spaces for the elderly group in various streets in the central urban area of Chongqing,from the aspects of supply and demand balance and influencing factors,the distribution pattern of regional park green space was optimized and studied,and the life happiness index of the elderly group was improved.Specific research is carried out from the following aspects:SP2SFCA was constructed based on the travel mode selection behavior of the elderly group and the travel choice probability determined by the inherent attributes of the park green space,which was used to evaluate the accessibility of the park green space of the elderly group at the demand point.Taking Yubei District of Chongqing as the experimental area,the accessibility evaluation results of SP2 SFCA under 2SFCA and different damping coefficients were compared to verify the effectiveness of the model.The results show that compared with 2SFCA,SP2 SFCA is more reasonable and adaptable,especially for calculating the accessibility of boundary areas and evaluating the internal differences of high accessibility areas,showing higher sensitivity.Among them,the damping coefficient is better,the measurement of accessibility is better.SP2SFCA was used to evaluate the accessibility of green spaces in parks for the elderly in various streets in the central urban area of Chongqing.The spatial inequality between street area,elderly population and accessibility was determined by Lorentz curve,and quantified using the Gini coefficient;At the same time,the K-means clustering algorithm is used to study the balance between supply and demand.The results showed that the accessibility in the study area was significantly differentiated,showing obvious positive agglomeration characteristics.At the same time,there was a huge gap between street area,the number of elderly people and accessibility,with the Gini coefficients being0.849 and 0.719,respectively.Among the six types of supply and demand,the proportion of low supply,low demand and low accessibility area was the highest,reaching 43.23%,showing a low level of supply and demand balance.Pearson correlation coefficients were used to identify significant influencing factors of reachability,and geographic detectors were used to quantify the magnitude of the impact and determine the strength of interaction between factors.The results showed that the accessibility of the study area was positively correlated with the density of the elderly population,the total number of elderly population,the service rate of park green space,the density of park green space,the density of road network and the per capita GDP,and the average elevation value of streets was negatively correlated.The order of impact degree is: park green space service rate,elderly population density,road network density,total elderly population,park green space density,average street elevation value,and per capita GDP.Any two of the seven influencing factors have stronger explanatory power than single factors,that is,two-factor enhancement or nonlinear enhancement. |
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