Development And Realization Of Automatic Immunohistochemical Staining Instrument

Immunohistochemistry(IHC)is a common method for cancer diagnosis.However,there are still issues in the development of the immunohistochemistry field in China,such as the complex experimental procedures of commonly used immunohistochemistry devices,the continued use of semi-automatic processing,and the potential for human error resulting in poor experimental consistency.In addition,the potential for false positive or negative results in fully automatic equipment,and the high cost of immunohistochemistry staining equipment have led to many hospitals still relying on manual staining methods for immunohistochemistry testing.To address these issues,this paper aims to develop a fully automatic immunohistochemistry staining instrument that optimizes the experimental process to achieve basic functions such as baking,dewaxing,antigen retrieval,staining,dehydration,and washing.The traditional manual operation process will be simplified and mechanized to improve detection efficiency and provide assistance in cancer pathological diagnosis.The specific contents are shown as follows:(1)A brief introduction of the background and basic principles of the immunohistochemistry staining instrument is provided,and the current state of immunohistochemistry staining instruments is discussed to clarify the research objectives and innovation points.(2)The shortcomings of the manual staining process are analyzed,and improvements are made by using Dako’s three-in-one reagent and automating the process.In addition,the staining process of the equipment is designed and verified to confirm that the staining effect of the equipment’s staining process is consistent with the traditional manual staining method.(3)On the basis of the optimized automated immunohistochemistry detection process,functional modules are designed,including the slide cover module,incubation module,and injection module.The slide cover module is the core of the system,providing appropriate reaction space for the entire experiment.The incubation module provides precise temperature control,and the injection module provides appropriate reagent quantities.(4)Based on the three core functional modules,additional auxiliary modules were designed and integrated to work in conjunction.The main control module controls the other modules primarily through CAN communication,achieving tight coordination between all modules.Following the completion of the entire assembly process,the machine underwent comprehensive functional testing and electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)testing.The fully automatic immunohistochemistry staining instrument designed in this article has been tested and shown that the temperature control error of the incubation module is within1 ℃,and the temperature uniformity is good;The accuracy of the peristaltic pump and plunger pump in the injection module meets the experimental requirements;The entire process test results of the equipment are relatively stable,and the dyeing strength,uniformity,and defect rate meet the requirements,proving that this equipment can be used for immunohistochemistry detection.