Optimization Of A Novel Logistics Network Based On The "Service Area + Logistics" Model On Expressways

With the rapid development of the internet economy,there has been a sharp increase in demand for online shopping,leading to higher expectations for the level of logistics services.Meanwhile,after forty years of rapid development,China’s expressway is in need of transformation,and utilizing existing service areas for logistics development has become an important focal point for this transformation.The "service area + logistics" business model was proposed in the "2018 Key Points for National Highway Service Areas" released by the Office of the Ministry of Transport of China.This thesis explores optimization methods for constructing a new logistics network to achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the logistics industry while increasing revenue for expressway areas.First,we discuss the development history of logistics network structures and the advantages and disadvantages of the hub-and-spoke logistics network.Based on this,we propose an optimization method that relies on the construction of logistics distribution centers at expressway areas to alleviate the transfer functions of secondand third-tier transportation nodes in traditional hub-and-spoke logistics networks and to construct a new logistics network.We analyze the organizational structure and service objects of the new logistics network,as well as the problems and solutions involved in the optimization process.We also demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of the new logistics network,analyze the potential problems during its construction,and propose corresponding solutions.We then analyze the practical value of constructing the new logistics network.Next,we use quantitative and qualitative analysis methods to study the selection of alternative sets of expressway area distribution centers.In terms of qualitative analysis,we construct an evaluation index system for distribution centers from four aspects,select 14 qualitative analysis indicators,and analyze how to use principal component analysis to score the index system.In terms of quantitative analysis,we use the set cover model to select an alternative set with the lowest construction cost as the objective.We then analyze the reasons and methods for selecting the comprehensive qualitative and quantitative results for the alternative set.We subsequently analyze the factors that affect the cost and time of the logistics network and construct a multi-objective optimization model to solve the problem of selecting the location for expressway area logistics distribution centers.We compare and analyze different solution algorithms and select the NSGA-II algorithm to solve the model.Finally,we use an actual transportation network of a company as a case study.The network covers 86 townships,40 counties,22 prefecture-level cities,and the corresponding provincial capital cities in 9 provinces in China.We use a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis to select 42 service areas out of 122 expressway areas as the preliminary alternative set for optimizing the network.We then use a multiobjective optimization model to decide on 37 optimal transportation node connection schemes,which correspond to cost and delivery time.Through analysis and comparison,we find that constructing a new logistics network can reduce the overall delivery cost by 7.49%-10.96% and save delivery time by 27.54%-28.30%.This validates the advantages of the new logistics network and shows that the network structure is more suitable for large-scale express or less-than-truckload businesses.Based on the research results,we provide implementation recommendations from multiple perspectives for logistics enterprises on how to construct a new logistics network and how to better carry out logistics operations in expressway areas,in order to promote the high-quality development of the logistics industry and increase the revenue of expressway areas.