Research On Energy Consumption And Thermal Comfort Of Teaching Buildings In Hot Summer And Cold Winter Areas Based On Multi-objective Optimization Method

University buildings,such as teaching buildings,are often used frequently,and users have high requirements for environmental comfort.However,the use of HVAC equipment inevitably leads to a contradiction between the demand for comfort and the high energy consumption of buildings.With the growth of the economy,the increase in carbon emissions also brings serious environmental problems.Therefore,under the premise of the national dual carbon strategy,scientifically improving indoor comfort while reducing building energy consumption is a crucial issue.This article aims to achieve thermal comfort and energy conservation and emission reduction,and conducts research and analysis on the potential impact of multiple parameters of the enclosure structure of teaching buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas on multi-objective(building energy consumption,thermal comfort,and carbon emissions).1)Taking teaching buildings in hot summer and cold winter regions of China as the research object,through literature review,the system performance evaluation indicators were selected,including positively correlated energy consumption(EC),predicted dissatisfaction percentage(PPD),and carbon emissions(CE).By using Design Builder software,after investigating the building characteristics and thermal insulation performance of typical teaching buildings in this area on the spot,a benchmark physical model of the teaching building is constructed,and multiple influence parameters of the envelope heat transfer coefficient(exterior wall,roof,interior wall,floor,exterior window)and solar heat gain coefficient(SHGC)are selected as decision variables,thus establishing a multi parameter and multi-objective system of typical teaching buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas.2)Based on the influence experiment of single factor on each objective,parameter sensitivity analysis and interval estimation are conducted,and a random uniformity experiment is designed by combining parameter intervals.Multiple nonlinear regression methods and experimental data statistical analysis are used to obtain a multi-objective optimization mathematical model.Obtain mathematical model values and software simulation values using orthogonal experimental method for model validation.3)The multi-objective genetic algorithm(NSGA-II)is used to solve the mathematical model for multi-objective optimization,and the Pareto Front is drawn to obtain the recommended range of parameters for the envelope of a typical teaching building in this area.When the heat transfer coefficient of the outer wall is about 1.1 W/(m~2·k),the heat transfer coefficient of the roof is about 0.55 W/(m~2·k),the heat transfer coefficient of the inner wall is about 1.7 W/(m~2·k),and the heat transfer coefficient of the floor is about 0.45W/(m~2·k),When the heat transfer coefficient of the outer window is about 2.8 W/(m~2·k)and the SHGC is about 0.37,compared with the actual case,the energy consumption,PPD index and carbon emissions have been reduced to a certain extent.By comprehensively considering the differences in the same parameters,materials,structures,and costs of the building envelope structure,a reasonable design plan for the building envelope structure is recommended.This study considers the multi-level goals of energy consumption,thermal comfort,and building carbon emissions,which is helpful for the scientific design of the thermal engineering of the enclosure structure of teaching buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas in China,and provides guidance for the thermal design of similar public buildings in this area.