Research On Siting And Optimization Of Hub-and-Spoke Network Considering Congestion And Capacity Limitation

Under the rapid development of social economy,network economy has become a factor that must be considered by enterprises to enhance their competitiveness.Since the hub-and-spoke network was introduced by American Airlines,it has attracted extensive attention from industry and academia because of its unique structure.Compared with the conventional traffic network,hub-and-spoke transportation network can better integrate different types of logistics systems,gather scattered freight vehicles in the hub location,so as to achieve large-scale operation,and can significantly reduce the operating costs of enterprises.In actual operations,the logistics network often has sudden congestion,and a large number of goods accumulate at the hub point,affecting normal operations.Therefore,in order to achieve their long-term stable development,logistics enterprises must comprehensively consider the possible situations when making network planning decisions;At the same time,it is also necessary to pay attention to the construction of hub points to handle the input of a large number of goods.Starting from the congestion problem,this paper improves the traditional hub-and-spoke network model,aiming to provide effective suggestions and references for enterprises that optimize hub-and-spoke networks.Firstly,in response to the problem of corporate congestion,measures are taken to wait for mitigation and redistribution of congestion traffic.Based on the traditional model,a cost minimization model considering the congestion problem is established for the two measures.In view of the fact that there must be an upper limit of the operating capacity of the hub point in actual operation,the capacity limit and congestion probability of the hub point are set.Then,considering the complexity of the model,particle swarm algorithm is introduced to plan and solve the enterprise logistics network based on the example.Combined with algorithms and examples,the impact of different measures on the location selection of hub-and-spoke networks and the comprehensive transportation cost of enterprises is compared and analyzed.Finally,the trunk link transportation congestion function is set,and the target constraint of minimizing transportation time is introduced.A multi-objective model with minimal transportation cost and time is established,combined with algorithms and study solutions,the effectiveness is verified compared with the traditional model,and the sensitivity analysis of the relevant parameters of the model is carried out to determine the influence range of the model.In order to further optimize and analyze the causes of congestion,it is found that the operation of the hub point has an important relationship with it,so it is suggested that after the enterprise is congested,the operation capacity of the hub point should be adjusted and the input cargo flow of the hub should be reduced.The results show that constructing a multi-objective model considering congestion can minimize costs and shorten transportation time.In addition,enterprises facing congestion problems can take short-term measures to improve the operational capacity of the hub and long-term measures to optimize the network layout.For hub-and-spoke network congestion,enterprises should choose the appropriate solution according to their own decision-making preferences.By improving the model and optimizing the network layout,this paper provides reference for enterprises formulating hub-and-spoke network congestion solutions,and also enriches the research on multi-objective decision-making of hub-and-spoke networks to a certain extent.