| Talent is the foundation of building a manufacturing power.China is currently in the critical stage of industrial transformation and upgrading and striving to achieve the strategic goal of "Made in China 2025".Cultivating high-level talents and innovative talents that meet the national strategic layout and meet the needs of industrial development is a major task facing in China’s modernization construction,which is crucial to promoting China’s transformation from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power and innovation power.Although China’s engineering talents are ahead of foreign engineering countries in terms of quantity,their quality cannot fully meet the talent needs of the country’s modernization construction and industrial transformation.Currently,there are still many problems that restrict the improvement of the quality of engineering talents in China.Studying the current situation of talent cultivation in engineering majors in universities,analyzing the difficulties in talent cultivation in engineering majors,and proposing solutions based on this,has practical significance for improving the quality of talents cultivation in engineering majors in universities,enhancing China’s comprehensive national strength,and promoting the construction of a socialist modernized country.On the premise of sorting out and defining the concepts of engineering majors and talent cultivation,this paper discusses the adaptability of determinism of needs,the theory of all-round development of people,and the theory of situational learning for this study,and conducts research along the research idea of "theoretical discussion-current situation research-problem analysis-experience reference-countermeasures and suggestions" by comprehensively using questionnaire,interview,case analysis and other methods.This paper first conducts empirical research and uses questionnaire survey method to analyze the difficulties of talents cultivation in engineering majors in 10 domestic universities from six dimensions: the training mode of engineering talents,the supply of practical platforms in universities,the practical ability of engineering students and engineering teachers towards industry,the evaluation of engineering education,and the social response of engineering graduates to promote industry,and analyze the existing problems and reasons.Secondly,this paper conducts empirical research on the cultivation of engineering talents at Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Berlin Institute of Technology,and Imperial College of Technology from the perspectives of talents cultivation goals,major settings,school enterprises cooperation,evaluation mechanisms,and teachers development,in order to provide useful insights for optimizing the cultivation of engineering talents in China.Finally,based on the dilemma of talents cultivation in engineering majors in Chinese universities,this article explores the optimization paths of cultivating engineering talents in China from six dimensions:clarifying training positioning,deepening school enterprise cooperation,optimizing curriculum system,responding to teacher needs,constructing multidimensional evaluations,and linkage between government,school,enterprise,and teacher. |
