Research On Smart Grid Data Security And Privacy Protection Based On Alliance Chain

With the rapid development of smart grids,power users and their generated electricity data are facing privacy and security issues such as user identity information leakage,power data loss or tampering.And with the increasing number of power users and more complex electricity consumption in the smart grid,traditional methods of power data transmission and data access sharing are no longer able to provide guarantees for the privacy,security,and efficiency of power data.Therefore,in order to ensure the safe and efficient transmission and sharing of power data,this article has done the following work:1、This article elaborates on the concept,significance,development,and current challenges of smart grids,and summarizes the current research status of privacy protection and blockchain technology in smart grids both domestically and internationally.2、This paper introduces the basic concepts,types and hierarchical structure of blockchain technology,as well as the consensus mechanism to complete message verification and recording,and the smart contract to automatically verify the access request and identity information of data demanders.It also analyzes cryptography technologies such as bilinear mapping and homomorphic encryption required in this paper,and matches the relationship between subject,object and authority accordingly to construct an access control strategy based on multiple attributes.3、In order to solve the privacy and security problems in the transmission of power users’ electricity data in the smart grid,a method based on blockchain technology,Paillier homomorphic encryption algorithm and data aggregation is proposed.First,it introduces the three main entities of the system model in this chapter,namely,smart meter,data acquisition station and blockchain node,and describes the transmission process of user power data uploading to cloud database.Next,specific designs will be carried out for the five stages of system initialization,authentication and key negotiation,power data encryption,power data aggregation,and multidimensional power data decryption.Then,through the correctness verification and security analysis of the scheme,it is concluded that the proposed scheme in this chapter is correct and effective,and can better protect the privacy and security of users during the power data transmission process.Finally,performance analysis was conducted from three aspects: scheme comparison,computational overhead,and communication overhead,and compared with other schemes to verify that this scheme has higher efficiency in the process of power data transmission.4、Considering the privacy and security issues that arise during the sharing process of electricity consumption data for power users,a method based on blockchain technology,access control policies,and encryption algorithms is proposed.Firstly,the five main entities of the system model in this chapter are introduced,namely data demanders,data owners,management centers,mining nodes,and cloud databases,and each entity is briefly described.Next,specific designs will be carried out for four stages: system initialization,data transaction information transmission,data access sharing,and user authorization update.Then,through the correctness verification and security analysis of the scheme,it is concluded that the proposed scheme in this chapter is correct and effective,and can better protect its privacy and security during the data access and sharing process.Finally,performance analysis was conducted from three aspects: scheme comparison,computational overhead,and communication overhead,and compared with other schemes to verify that this scheme has higher efficiency in the data access and sharing process.