Research On UWB Base Station Layout Design And Positioning Algorithm In Rail Vehicle Assembly Workshop

With the development of rail transit,the production scale of rail vehicles is gradually increasing,the types of related technical equipment are becoming more and more,and the manufacturing process is more complicated.This requires strengthening the management of equipment to ensure the effective operation of equipment.In the production process of the rail vehicle assembly workshop,most of the logistics equipment is mobile equipment,and its positioning problem is under the shelter of the tall car body,resulting in a decrease in positioning accuracy.The lack of positioning accuracy of logistics equipment is an urgent problem to be solved.The improvement of positioning accuracy can improve the management level of logistics equipment and ensure the smooth production.Firstly,in order to improve the positioning accuracy of the assembly workshop,this thesis describes the characteristics of UWB technology and the influencing factors of indoor positioning error,and analyzes and explains the applicability of UWB technology to the positioning of the assembly workshop.Aiming at the research of base station layout and positioning algorithm,the UWB signal perception model and k coverage of base station layout area are described in detail.Four positioning system algorithms are compared,and the positioning algorithm suitable for assembly workshop is analyzed and selected.Secondly,based on the analysis of UWB ranging algorithm and ranging environment,the ranging algorithm is improved to improve the accuracy in open environment,and the positioning error of assembly workshop is estimated by ranging in complex environment.The commonly used TDOA positioning algorithms are compared in detail,and the Taylor series expansion method with the highest applicability in the assembly workshop is analyzed and selected.The least square method is used as the initial value of positioning,and the gray wolf optimization algorithm simulation is selected in combination with the ranging model to optimize the positioning points.The simulation shows that the combined positioning algorithm can significantly improve the positioning accuracy and basically meet the positioning requirements of the assembly workshop.Then,the geometric description and model construction of the specific scene of the assembly workshop are carried out.According to the error characteristics of the workshop,the ranging model is improved,and the fusion positioning algorithm combined with the positioning error is selected as the performance evaluation index of the base station layout.The layout of the base station in the small area is analyzed.The influence of the number of base stations,the layout of the base station,the layout height and the shelter on the positioning accuracy is verified by simulation.According to the layout requirements,the base station layout is considered as a whole.According to the number of base stations and using genetic algorithm to optimize the coordinates of the layout base station,the local optimal base station layout is sought.Finally,according to the functional requirements of the base station layout calculation and analysis system in the assembly workshop,the corresponding development tools are selected,the E-R diagram and database are designed,and the base station layout calculation and analysis system is developed by mixed programming.The two-dimensional visualization of the site base station layout is completed,and the base station layout is completed by inputting the number of base stations.Click events to view the assembly workshop positioning evaluation,base station distribution and vehicle body distribution.Through the research on UWB positioning algorithm and base station layout,this thesis can further improve the positioning accuracy of the assembly workshop and play a positive role in promoting the production efficiency of the assembly workshop.