Effects Of Fertilization On Soil Nutrient And Plant Growth And Development Of Litsea Cubeba In Forest Land

Litsea cubeba that mainly distributed in the south of China and southeast Asian countries is a kind of deciduous shrub or small tree belonging to the genus Cinnamomum.Its fruits,leaves and branches contain aromatic oils,which have high economic value,and it is one of the characteristic spice plant resources in southern China.Litsea cubeba is very rich in biodiversity and has a large market demand,but the tree species has less research on the fertilization of plantations and their effects.In this study,we studied the effects of different fertilization treatments on plant height,ground diameter growth,horizontal and vertical diameters of flowers,soil physical and chemical properties The effects of plant height,ground diameter growth,horizontal and vertical diameter of fruit,single fruit weight,total weight,and peel essential oil content on the adult forest were determined by the principal component analysis method to obtain the optimal ratio for fertilization of Litsea cubeba young forest,and The optimal ratio of fertilization in the mature forest of Litsea cubeba;at the same time,GC-MS analysis was performed on the essential oil of Litsea Cubeba mature forest fruit,and a comparatively high fertilization ratio of active ingredients such as citral was obtained,which provided scientific theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of Litsea cubeba.The main findings are shown below:1.For the young forest of Litsea cubeba,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization can promote the growth of various indicators of the young forest.Different fertilization treatments have different effects on their growth indexes,physical properties and chemical properties of soil.The data of plant height,ground diameter,horizontal and vertical diameter of flowers,physical and chemical properties of soil in each fertilization treatment are higher than those in the unfertilized treatment.At the same time,the main component analysis results of the indicators of the young Litsea cubeba forest showed that the following two fertilization ratios can be used for the cultivation of Litsea cubeba young forest,N2P1K(2N、P、K are 30、0、25 g/plant);N3P3K1(N、P、K are 60、50、0 g/plant).2.For the mature forest of Litsea cubeba,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization can indeed promote the growth of various indicators of the mature forest.Different fertilization treatments affect the growth index,average fruit diameter,fruit weight,and fruit oil yield.There are differences in the data of plant height,ground diameter,fruit horizontal and vertical diameter,fruit weight and essential oil yield of each fertilization group,which are higher than those of unfertilized treatment.The results of principal component analysis of various indicators of the mature forest of Litsea Cubeba show that the following two fertilization ratios can be used for the cultivation of the mature forest of Litsea Cubeba,N2P2K5(N、P、K are 48.8,32.8,160 g/plant);N2P5K4(N、P、K are 48.8,160,127.2 g/plant).3.Through the analysis of the total ion flow chart and the chemical composition of the volatile oil of 25 different fertilization treatments in the mature forest of Litsea Cubeba,we know that the relative content of α-citral(geranial)and β-citral(nerolid)in peel essential oil is relatively high at around 50%.By comparing and analyzing the contents of α-citral(geranial)and β-citral(nerolid)in different treatments of the mature forest of Litsea cubeba,treatment 13(N3P3K5,means N、P、and K are 120,80 and 160 g/plant)with the highest content of α-citral(geranial)and β-citral(nerolid)(60.760%);it can be used as a main fragrance and flavoring agent in the daily cultivation and fertilization of fragrance Measures.In addition,all treatments contain 1-heptanol(11.5-12.5%),1-octanol(9.0-11.0%),and 2-heptanol(3.5-4.0%),and the contents of these three components are relatively high.At the same time,D-limonene,another major component in the volatile oil of Litsea cubeba,was relatively high(8.908%)in the treatment 22(N5P2K1,means N,P,and K are 240,32.8,0 g/plant).Different ratios of fertilization can be used for the essential oils of Litsea Cubeba extracted with different main components,so as to improve the targeted utilization rate of Litsea Cubeba resources.