Effects Of Foliar Fertilizer And Soil Disinfection On Strawberry Cultivation In Open Field In Winter

Strawberries are widely planted in China because of their rich nutrition,and the temperature of the strawberry production season in South China is relatively high,there is more rain,and there are generally serious diseases and insect pests,poor strawberry quality and low yield;strawberries also have serious continuous cropping obstacles,which limits the strawberry industry development of.In this paper,we use strawberry cultivated in the open field as a test material to study the effect of different foliar fertilizers on strawberry quality,yield and disease resistance,and use chlorine dioxide disinfectant to study its role in breaking strawberry continuous cropping obstacles.Provide theoretical basis and practical guidance on the use of foliar fertilizer and the elimination of strawberry continuous cropping obstacles in disease production.The main results are as follows:1.Foliar potassium dihydrogen phosphate,potassium fulvic acid and silicon fertilizer can significantly increase the yield and fruit quality.Different foliar fertilizers have different effects on various traits.Among them,the potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer was significantly positively correlated with the number of fruits per plant and the yield per plant,the correlation coefficients were 0.455 and 0.42,and negatively correlated with the soluble acid content,the correlation coefficient was-0.522;potassium fulvic acid Foliar fertilizer was significantly positively correlated with fruit longitudinal diameter,total sugar content and soluble solids content,and the correlation coefficients were 0.476,0.389and 0.543,respectively;silicon leaf fertilizer was significantly negatively correlated with fruit diameter,correlation coefficient was-0.380.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium fulvic acid as high-quality foliar fertilizer can significantly increase the yield of strawberry per plant by 46.21%,the average number of fruits per plant is 36.07%,the weight of single fruit is significantly increased by 16.41%,the longitudinal diameter and lateral diameter of the fruit Significantly increased by 15.63%and 10.51%respectively;soluble solids content increased significantly by 13.18%,total sugar content increased significantly by 30.14%,and strawberry total acid content decreased significantly by30.59%.It shows that the combination of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium fulvic acid can be used as an effective measure for strawberry high-yield and high-quality cultivation in South China.2.Based on the correlation and regression analysis,it was found that the total yield was significantly positively correlated with the number of fruits and the transverse diameter of the fruit,the correlation coefficients were 0.912 and 0.638,respectively,the longitudinal diameter of the fruit and the weight of the single fruit,the transverse diameter of the fruit and the number of fruits were also There was a very significant positive correlation,with correlation coefficients of 0.471.The yield per plant and the total yield,the yield per plant and the longitudinal diameter of the fruit,the yield per plant and the number of fruits,and the transverse diameter of the fruit were significantly positively correlated.The regression equation between total yield and yield traits is Y=-3922.1140+12.1670X₅+860.1580X₃+104.4420X₄,X_3,X₄and X₅are the fruit diameter,single fruit weight and fruit number,respectively,and the fitting degree of the equation is R²=0.895.Path analysis shows that the largest comprehensive effect of the path coefficient is the number of fruits 0.912,followed by the fruit diameter and single fruit weight,the combined effects are 0.638 and0.28,respectively;the direct effect of the number of fruits is 0.815,and the second is the fruit diameter 0.189,The smallest is a single fruit weight of 0.161,indicating that the number of fruits and fruit diameter determine the important traits of yield.3.Different silicon fertilizer treatments can change the leaf structure and significantly reduce the powdery mildew disease index.The concentration of silicon fertilizer application was significantly positively correlated with the thickness of leaves,upper and lower epidermis,and the correlation coefficients were 0.568,0.775 and 0.753,respectively.Among them,the silicon fertilizer concentration of 200mg/l and the spraying interval of14 days can significantly increase the leaf thickness by 10.24%,and the upper and lower epidermis thicknesses by 44.85%and 33.02%,respectively.The concentration of silicon fertilizer was significantly negatively correlated with the disease index,the correlation coefficient was-0.725,and the thickness of the upper and lower epidermis was significantly negatively correlated with the disease index,the correlation coefficients were-0.613 and-0.619,respectively.The silicon fertilizer concentration of 200mg/l and the spraying interval of 21 or 14 days can significantly reduce the disease index of powdery mildew by more than 47.3%,and better suppress the occurrence of powdery mildew.It showed that the foliar application of silicon fertilizer concentration of 200mg/l and the application interval of 14 days can be used as an effective measure to improve the resistance of strawberry powdery mildew in southern China.4.Soil treatment with chlorine dioxide and biological agents can reduce strawberry mortality,reduce the number of weed plants,and significantly improve fruit quality.Soil treatment was significantly negatively correlated with plant mortality and weed number,with correlation coefficients of-0.72 and-0.787,respectively;soil treatment was significantly positively correlated with soluble acid,total sugar,and soluble solids content,with correlation coefficients of 0.624 and 0.618,respectively.And 0.662.The fungus treatment was significantly positively correlated with the total sugar content,and the correlation coefficient was 0.538.Soil treatment can reduce strawberry mortality by10.83%,the number of weed plants by 36.2%,and the content of soluble acid,total sugar,and soluble solids increased significantly by 9.71%,16.12%,and 5.38%,respectively.It can preliminarily remove the continuous cropping obstacles of strawberries.