| The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier and economic zone in China.In 2019,The Ecological Protection and High-quality Development of The Yellow River Basin has become a major national strategy,which is related to the realization of sustainable poverty reduction and high-quality economic development in our country,while the upper reaches of the Yellow River are characterized by ecological fragility,economic backwardness,and multi-ethnic settlements.Regional and poor population distributions are highly overlapping.Qinghai Province is located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River.Animal husbandry is the economic pillar of Qinghai pastoral areas.Herdsmen,as participants in animal husbandry,also shoulder the responsibility of protecting grassland ecology.However,due to lack of effective collateral and insufficient credit confidence,herdsmen still encounter different the credit rationing of the pastoral area is very high,and there is the phenomenon of loan refusal or insufficient loan,which seriously affects the enthusiasm of animal husbandry production in pastoral areas.At present,most of the existing studies focus on the impact of personal characteristics and external environment on the credit constraints of farmers,but lack of attention to the impact of the overall household resource endowment on farmers’ credit constraints,and the impact indicators of family human capital,natural capital,social capital and economic capital have not been comprehensively constructed.system to systematically study the impact of household endowments on credit constraints.This paper firstly defines the concept of herdsmen,family endowments and credit constraints,uses classical theory to analyze the influence mechanism of family endowments on credit constraints,and formulates three steps to identify the credit constraints of herdsmen.Then,through the micro data survey of pastoral areas in Qinghai Province,based on the effective recovery questionnaire in Gonghe County,the family endowment,credit demand and credit constraints of herdsmen were described and analyzed,and the credit constraints of sample herdsmen were preliminarily determined and identified through this information.In the empirical research part,this paper uses the Probit model to empirically analyze the impact of herdsman household endowment on credit demand,demand-based credit constraints and supply-type credit constraints in three stages,and explores the direction and extent of the effect of herdsman household endowment on credit constraints.The research shows that the credit demand level of the herdsmen in the sample area is low,34.3% of the herdsmen have no credit demand;some herdsmen are faced with credit constraints,and nearly 80% of the herdsmen in the sample area are subject to credit constraints,of which 34.2% of the herdsmen are subject to credit constraints.Demand-based credit constraints,44.9% of herdsmen are subject to supply-based credit constraints;natural capital has a greater impact on demand-based credit constraints than human capital and social capital,economic capital has no significant impact on demand-based credit constraints,and natural capital and economic capital have a greater impact on demand-based credit constraints.The impact of supply-based credit constraints is greater than that of human capital and social capital;in general,grassland resources,as the natural basis for herdsmen to engage in livestock production and life,play an important role in the economic activities of pastoral areas,and natural capital is the most important factor affecting credit constraints in pastoral areas.important factor.Finally,this paper puts forward policy suggestions for alleviating credit constraints in pastoral areas,focusing on four aspects: increasing the credit demand of pastoral households,improving the credit system in pastoral areas,improving village financial services,and concentrating on rural civilization and unity. |
