Effect Of Sowing Date And Sowing Quantity On The Yield And Quality Of Color Wheat Qinzi No.1

As two important cultivation factors that regulate the growth and quality of wheat,sowing date and sowing quantity have always attracted the attention of scholars.Different ecological regions and varieties of wheat,yield and quality of its response to the sowing date and sowing quantity is also extremely different.In this experiment,the color wheat Qinzi No.1 was used as the test material,and the two-way fissure zone experimental design was adopted.The sowing date was set as the main area,with four levels of D1(September 29),D2(October 6),D3(October 13),D4(October 20),and the sowing quantity was used as sub-district,and the three levels of M1(112.5 kg/hm~2),M2(150 kg/hm~2),M3(187.5 kg/hm~2)were set up respectively.The experiment deeply studied the differences in the growth process,group tillering,dry matter accumulation,leaf area index,yield,constituent factors and quality of Qinzi No.1 wheat under different treatment of sowing date and sowing quantity,and the following conclusions were obtained:(1)The influence of sowing date and sowing quantity on the fertility process:The sowing date affects the length of the growth period of Qinzi No.1,and it also affects the time when the wheat arrives at various resproductive periods and its duration,while the influence of sowing quantity is small and negligible.(2)Both sowing date and sowing quantity have a significant impact on the dry matter accumulation during the whole growth period,and the interaction effect of two factors has a significant impact on the dry matter accumulation in the pre-fertility period(before jointing),but the impact to jointing period and later is not significant.The dry matter accumulation of late sowing(D4 level)in each growth period was significantly smaller than other three sowing periods.Therefore,we must ensure that the sowing period is not later than mid-October in order to build a ideal wheat population.Sowing quantity of about150 kg/hm~2 has advantages over dry matter accumulation during the whole growth period.(3)The influence of sowing date and sowing quantity on the leaf area index at all reproductive stages was very significant.Premature sowing(D1 level)significantly reduced the leaf area index compared with other sowing levels in the middle and late stages of growth where wheat reproductive growth is particularly critical,which is not conducive to the accumulation and assimilation of photosynthetic products and grain filling.The influence of sowing quantity on leaf area index gradually narrowed with the progress of the fertility process,and the leaf area index of low sowing(112.5kg/hm~2)was significantly lower than other levels from jointing to grouting,which indicating that the sowing level could not make full use of light and heat and land resources and it was not conducive to the construction of the advantages of Qinzi No.1 wheat group.(4)Sowing date and sowing quantity have a very significant impact on yield.The yield size rules under different sowing periods are:D2>D3>D1>D4.The highest yield of D2 level reaching8637.02 kg/hm~2,which was increased by 5.87%compared with the early sowing D1 level,and the late sowing D3 and D4 levels were reduced by 2.95%and 13.01%respectively.The yield of medium and high sowing quantity(M2,M3)was significantly higher than the low sowing quantity(M1).The combination of 153.9 kg/hm~2 on 8 October and 153.9 kg/hm~2 helped to achieve maximum yields for this variety.(5)As the sowing date gradually delayed,the crude protein(dry base)content of Qinzi No.1and its wet gluten content,sedimentation value and ductility showed a decreasing trend,while the water absorption rate and dough formation time of the variety were no noticeable change.As the sowing quantity increased,the ductility showed a change law of first decreasing and then increasing,while the remaining quality indicators did not have obvious response laws to the changes in the sowing quantity.