Vector Transmission Biocontrol:An Effective Method To Biologically Control Anoplophora Glabripennis

The aim of this study was to develop a new method to transmit entomopathogenic fungi by a biological vector,Pyemotes moseri to biologically control the long-horned beetle,Anoplophora glabripennis efficiently.This study screened alternative hosts of P.moseri.Tested the ability of mites to carry fungal spores and the potential of P.moseri as a vector to biological control A.glabripennis larvae.Outdoor simulated control A.glabripennis and then efficacy tested in field.Finally,improved and optimized the release unit.The main results are as follows:1.Galleria mellonella 5th instar larvae,M.alternatus 3rd instar larvae,Tenebrio molitor pupa in process of eclosion,the adult of T.molitor after eclosion can be alternative host of P.moseri.The average number of offspring per expanding abdomen ranged from 120 to 140.Among them,the most expanding abdomen 272 produced by the larvae of G.mellonella.2.P.moseri had the ability to carry entomopathogenic fungal spores,and then,transmitted them to the tunnels of A.glabripennis.The average number of per mites could carry 621 spores.Outdoor measurement shows that per mites in tunnels spread 171 spores after 7 d.After one month,tunnels had about 2000 spores per centimete.3.P.moseri have good compatibility with the conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae Ma1 and Beauveria bassiana Bb-LHS.After carried spores 7th day,mites cumulative corrected mortality rate only 26.7 %.During this period,P.moseri was able to successfully spread pathogenic fungal spores completely into the tunnels.Outdoor simulation results shows that the vector,P.moseri transmitted entomopathogenic fungi spores into the larval galleries of long-horned beetle larvae successfully and caused effective infection to larvae with a final mortality of 80% in damaged wood.4.Experiments in field control shows that,each release unit of P.moseri with fungi spores transmission diameter was 10.0 m.Damaged trees in this range had significant control effects.The defecation holes reduced more than 50 %.5.A reusable release unit was designed.The structure can largely prevent some adverse conditions such as wind and rain in the natural environment.The results shows that P.moseri,as a small biological vector can break through the barrier of tree and tunnel,and then spread insecticidal microorganisms efficiently in the tunnels of longhorned beetle.The biological vector is a simple and effective method to controll A.glabripennis,which also provides a new idea to control other hidden stem borers.