Research On The System Of "separation Of Three Rights" In Xinjiang Pastoral Grassland Based On The Field Work At Salkhit Pasture In Wusu City

Land is the material basis for human survival,as well as the basic means of production and fundamental guarantee for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry.Therefore,the issue of land system has always been one of the focuses of the national policy research department,academia and even the general public.Using the method of anthropological field work,taking Sailikti Pasture in Wusu City of Xinjiang as an example,this paper studies the system of "separation of powers" in Xinjiang pastoral grasslands.Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has vast natural grasslands and is very rich in grassland resources.There are 57.7 million hectares of natural grassland in the whole region,ranking second in the country in terms of grassland area.Use 14.5% of grassland area.As the main part of Xinjiang’s ecological environment,the vast grassland in pastoral areas is an important base for the development of animal husbandry in my country,and it is also the main residence and living guarantee for many ethnic minority herdsmen in Xinjiang.The land system and related policies implemented by the state on grassland in pastoral areas are closely related to the livelihood of herdsmen.At present,Xinjiang implements the policy of "separation of three rights" in the confirmation of grassland rights,that is,the ownership belongs to the collective,the contract rights belong to the herdsmen,and the management rights can be transferred.The grassland contract management rights are divided into contract rights and management rights,aiming to relax the management rights,which is another major institutional innovation in the reform of agricultural and pastoral areas after the Household Contract Responsibility system.As an important part of Xi Jinping’s "Three Rural" thought,The "separation of three rights" system will further consolidate and improve the basic management system of agricultural and pastoral areas,and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and animal husbandry.However,during the field in this paper,the auther found that there are some problems in the management and circulation of pastures under the system of "separation of three rights",such as grassland degradation due to unreasonable use of grasslands,and grassland disputes due to unclear property rights.Therefore,it is of urgent practical significance and long-term theoretical significance to deeply study the impact of the " separation of three rights " land system and policy on Xinjiang pastoral areas,the specific problems existing in the implementation process,and put forward corresponding suggestions.