Comparative Analysis On The Cost-benefit Of Quail Breeding In Different Scales In Tongliang District,Chongqing

China is a large quail breeding country and plays an important role in global quail production.Tongliang District of Chongqing has a history of quail breeding for more than 30 years.It has inherent resource advantages in quail breeding,such as smooth supply channels,strong market competitiveness,mature mass breeding technology,rich material reserves and so on.The tail number of quail breeding in Tongliang District reached 5 million in 2016.It has become the largest quail breeding base in Southwest China and plays an important role in China’s quail breeding industry.However,the current quail breeding in Tongliang district shows prominent problems such as small breeding scale,high cost and low profit,which makes the development of quail industry in Tongliang District in a disadvantageous position,especially affecting the appropriate scale,specialization and intensive development of quail breeding industry.Based on this,based on the micro survey data of 264 quail farmers in Tongliang District of Chongqing from 2014 to 2021,this paper analyzes the cost-benefit situation of quail breeding in different scales,discusses the break even point of quail breeding,establishes a fixed effect model,empirically investigates the influencing factors of quail breeding cost-benefit,and obtains the following research results:(1)The average income of quail breeding main products in Tongliang district is the highest,followed by large-scale breeding,followed by medium-scale breeding,and finally small-scale breeding;Specifically,the main product income of large-scale breeding is 29.10 yuan / animal,that of medium-scale breeding is 28.22 yuan / animal,and that of small-scale farmers is 26.46 yuan / animal.It can be seen that with the expansion of the scale of quail breeding,the average income of the main products of quail breeding is also gradually increasing.In addition,large-scale breeding accounts for a small proportion of medium-sized and by-product sales in the future,indicating that the average by-product sales is smaller than that of large-scale breeding.(2)The proportion of material and service fees in the quail breeding cost in Tongliang district has decreased year by year,but the proportion of labor costs has gradually increased.Specifically,the material and service fee decreased from 12.65 yuan / piece in 2014 to 7.4 yuan / piece in 2021;However,the service fee of small-scale breeding is greater than that of medium and large-scale breeding.The proportion of labor cost increased from 40.33% in 2014 to 65.26% in 2021,an increase of 24.93%.In terms of different feeding scales,the feed costs of large-scale feeding,medium-scale feeding and small-scale feeding accounted for 20.12%,22.63% and23.44% respectively.In addition,the labor costs were 42.29%,43.36% and 46.29%respectively.It can be seen that the labor cost of quail breeding accounts for an absolute proportion in the breeding cost,and with the expansion of breeding scale,the labor cost of quail breeding decreases greatly.(3)Based on the regression results of the factors affecting the cost-benefit of quail breeding,it can be seen that the growth of quail breeding scale has a certain inhibitory effect on the average cost of small-scale breeding,but has no significant effect on the average cost of medium and large-scale breeding;In addition,the growth of quail breeding scale has a significant promoting effect on the average income of medium and small-scale farmers,but it has no significant promoting effect on the average income of large-scale farmers;Finally,technical indicators have a significant impact on medium and large-scale farmers,but not on small-scale farmers.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:(1)small-scale quail farmers in Tongliang district should appropriately increase their breeding scale,so as to improve the breeding profit,reduce the breeding variable cost and improve the breeding profit.(2)The medium and large-scale enterprises in Tongliang district can not only increase their profits by increasing their scale,but should strengthen technological upgrading,cultivate and reserve relevant breeding talents,and actively expand their sales channels and stabilize sales customers.(3)Tongliang district government should actively use financial instruments to ensure the early capital needs of local quail farmers and expand the breeding scale of small-scale farmers.At the same time,relevant training should be actively organized to improve the breeding skills of farmers.Finally,by helping farmers contact upstream and downstream enterprises,expand their sales channels and create a local quail characteristic brand.