GISH Analysis Of Introgressive Hybridizati Ons Using Aneuploids Lilies

Lily,one of the important perennial bulbous flowers,belongs to the genus Lilium of Liliaceae.However,the breeding work of wild lily resources in China started late,and not as good as Holland and other countries.A large number of bulbs need to be imported every year.Therefore,breeding new lily varieties with good characters is an important task in China.Triploid lilies are usually male sterile,but the partial female fertile because they are Fritillaria-type plants.When crossed with diploid or tetraploid lilies,they produce aneuploids.The fertility of aneuploid lilium is also low,theoretically,due to abnormal meiosis.There is no report on fertility of aneuploid lilium.In this study,four aneuploid lilium were used as female parents to cross with diploid(AA)and tetraploid(AAAA)Asiatic lilies.Two aneuploid lilies with high pollen germination rate were used as male parents to cross with diploid,triploid(AAA)and tetraploid.The two aneuploid male parents and their offspring were analyzed by genomic in situ hybridization(GISH).The main results are as follows:The pollen germination rates of 2 aneuploid lilies were 19.55% and 18.55%,that of 1diploid Asiatic lily was 35.33%,and that of 2 tetraploid Asiatic lilies was 22.92% and24.21%.All the male lilies had good male fertility.When aneuploid lilies were the female,14 flowers were crossed with diploid,and 6fruits and 0 seedlings were obtained;and 51 flowers were crossed with tetraploid,41 fruits and 141 seedlings obtained.When aneuploids as male parent,74 flowers were crossed with diploid and 93 seedlings were obtained from 53 fruits,6 flowers were crossed with triploid and 5 seedlings were obtained from 2 fruits,and 51 flowers were crossed with tetraploid and35 seedlings were obtained from 22 fruits.GISH results showed that the chromosome numbers of the two male lilies were 46 and53,among which the Longiflorum chromosome numbers(L)and recombinant chromosome numbers(L/A)were 9,0 and 4,1,respectively.The chromosome numbers of AA× aneuploidy ranged from 32 to 36,and L and L/A numbers ranged from 2 to 5,2 to 6,respectively.The chromosome number of AAAA× aneuploidy was 41 to 50,and the L and L/A numbers were0 to 2,0 to 4,respectively.One aneuploid and 15 hybrid lines had recombinant chromosomes,and 3 of them contained only 1 L fragment.In conclusion,aneuploidy has good fertility and high affinity with tetraploidy when used as female parent.The aneuploidy with high pollen germination rate had good fertility as the male parent,and their crosses were all aneuploidy.Aneuploid could be used as a useful parent to transfer one or a few desirable genes into new cultivars in lily introgression breeding.