| The construction of country human habitat forest is an important measure to improve the ecological environment of the village,and it is also an important part of the new rural construction.Plants are the basis for the construction of human habitat forest.Due to the different needs of villagers,there are also differences in the demand for greening tree species.At present,there is still a lack of systematic research on the differences in the tree species structure of country human habitat forest in different village types and the demand of villagers for greening tree species,which hinders the scientific development of country human habitat forest.Taking 91 villages in Jiangxi Province as an example,this study compares the differences in the structural characteristics of human settlements in different construction types of villages through field investigation combined with the analysis of tree species composition and villagers’ demand willingness.The list and some typical application modes of tree species are recommended to provide some basis for country human habitat forest in Jiangxi Province in the future.The results are as follows:1.There are 66 families,118 genera and 162 species in the rural courtyard forest,among which the ancient village courtyard forest has the most abundant genus and species composition,with a total of 60 families,93 genera and 123 species..Osmanthus fragrans is the most dominant tree species in the courtyard forests of ancient villages,newly-built villages and Protected modern village,and Citrus maxima is the most dominant tree species in reconstructed villages.Osmanthus fragrans and Eriobotrya japonica were used more frequently in the courtyard forests of ancient villages,E.japonica was used more frequently in reconstructed villages,O.fragrans and C.maxima were used more frequently in newly-built villages,and O.fragrans was used more frequently in Protected modern village.Newly-built villages,reconstructed villages and Protected modern village have more local tree species in courtyard forests,accounting for more than 80%,while ancient villages have less application of local tree species.The tree species in the courtyard forest are in good health,with more than 90%of the normal tree species,among which the proportion of healthy tree species in the newly-built villages is the highest.The functions of tree species in the courtyard forest are mainly beautification and edible functions,and the beautification function is dominant,among which the ornamental tree species in the reconstructed villages are the most.2.The rural road forest has a total of 91 species in 46 families,73 genera and 91 species,among which the reconstructed village road forest has the most abundant genus and species composition,with a total of 40 families,56 genera and 65 species.O.fragrans is the most dominant tree species in road forests in ancient and reconstructed villages,while Photinia × fraseri is the most dominant tree species in newly-built and Protected modern village.O.fragrans has the highest application frequency of road forests in ancient villages,reconstructed villages,newly built villages and Protected modern village.The species and quantity of native tree species in the road forest account for more than 80%of the total,and there are few exotic tree species.Tree species in road forests in ancient villages grow better,and healthy tree species account for the highest proportion;while new-build villages account for the highest proportion of unhealthy tree species,and management needs to be strengthened.The road forest is mainly dominated by ornamental tree species,accounting for more than 80%,among which the newly-built villages pay the most attention to the beautification function.3.There are 50 families,91 genera and 109 species in the rural waterside forests,among which the reconstructed village waterside forests have the most abundant genus and species composition,with a total of 39 families,66 genera and 74 species.The most dominant tree species in the waterside forests of the reconstructed and Protected modern village are Phyllostachys edulis,the most dominant tree species in the ancient villages is Salix babylonica,and the most dominant tree species in the newly built villages is O.fragrans.The most frequently used waterside forests in ancient villages,reconstructed villages and Protected modern village are Cinnamomum camphora,and the most frequently used in newly built villages are S.babylonica and Triadica sebifera.The waterside forest of ancient villages has the highest proportion of exotic tree species and quantity,and the most imported exotic tree species.The tree species in the waterfront forest are in good health,with more than 90%of the normal tree species,among which the proportion of healthy tree species in reconstructed villages is the highest.The waterside forest is mainly used for beautification,and the second is the function of timber.Among them,the ancient villages have the most ornamental and edible tree species,and the Protected modern village have the most timber species.4.The rural recreational forest has a total of 55 families,92 genera and 121 species,among which the ancient village recreational forest has the most abundant genus and species composition,with a total of 44 families,56 genera and 73 species.O.fragrans is the most advantageous tree species in ancient villages,newly-built villages and Protected modern village recreational forests,and P.× fraseri is the most advantageous tree species in reconstructed villages.O.fragrans is the most frequently used recreational forest in ancient villages,reconstructed villages,newly built villages and Protected modern village.Recreational forests in ancient villages have the highest proportion of exotic tree species and quantity,and the most cited exotic tree species.Recreational forests in ancient villages grow better,and healthy tree species account for the highest proportion;while renovated villages have the most unhealthy tree species,and maintenance and management work needs to be strengthened.Rural recreational forests are mainly used in squares and small amusement parks,so recreational forests are mainly used for ornamental functions,and there are fewer edible and timber tree species.5.More than 80%of the villagers are basically satisfied and satisfied with the overall greening of the village,the greening of courtyard forests and road forests,but most of the villagers believe that the greening of courtyards,roads,watersides,gardens and the abundance of greening tree species need to be strengthened.For greening tree species,villagers prefer evergreen broad-leaved trees;for ornamental organs,villagers prefer ornamental flowers,fruit and foliage species;for plant life types,villagers prefer ornamental flowers,ornamental small trees and shrubs.Newly-built villages are more fond of ornamental flowers and fruit trees than other villages.Compared with other types of greenery,villagers prefer leisure and amusement parks.6.According to the structural characteristics of tree species and the willingness of the villagers,combined with the principle of tree species selection and ecological habits,80 species of arbor,shrub and vine trees suitable for courtyard forest,road forest,waterfront forest and recreational forest are recommended,and common application methods are recommended according to the characteristics of greening space.7.In general,the construction status of human settlements in different types of villages is different.Ancient villages,reconstructed villages,new villages and Protected modern village have different structural characteristics of courtyard forests,road forests,waterside forests and recreational forests.There are differences in willingness to demand.Therefore,in the future,the construction of human settlement forest should be carried out according to the characteristics of the village and the needs and wishes of the villagers.Village planning,greening maintenance management,tree species selection and other aspects need to be improved according to the actual situation. |
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