| There are 29 species of the genus Nosophora recorded in the world and 10 species in China before this study.The sexual dimorphism of speices are present widely in this genus.The diference in male and female are mainly manifested in the morphology of the labial palpus and the vertex,distinct differences are also manifested in wing pattern.As a result,only unisexual individuals of many species have been discribed so far.A systematic study of the genus was conducted based on morphological characters and DNA barcode in this paper.It was found that four recorded species of the genus were different from the genus diagnoses in labial palpus and male vertex.And the uncus,valva in male genitalia and corpus bursae,signum in female genitalia of these four species also differ markedly from the other known species in the genus.After a systematic study on these speices,a new genus,Aberrationis Zeng&Du,gen.nov,were established.Eleven species of these two genera were paired for the first time mainly based on the DNA Barcoding.Morphological characters of the females of A.insignis（Butler）and A.ningpoalis（Lederer）and the male of A.euryterminalis（Hampson）were described for the first time.The diagnoses of Nosophora were revised.A total of 25 species of the above two genera were described,including 13 new species,one new recorded species,and five new combinations.A detailed description of the new and newly recorded species were provided.The diagnoses of the known species were given.Images of adult and external genitalia were provided.The COI data of 16 species in two genus were obtained and the NJ tree were constructed based on COI sequences of these two genera.1.Taxonomy1.1 Nosophora Lederer,1863Eleven species of Nosophora from China were recorded,including one new species and three newly recorded species.Females of two species were were described for the first time.Genitalia of five species were described for the first time.Two synonyms were restored to valid species.Four new species:N.displuma sp.nov.,N.leghirta sp.nov.,N.furcatum sp.nov.,N.shunxiwuiensis sp.nov.One newly recorded species:N.fulvalis Hampson,1899.Two species with females described for the first time:N.conjunctalis Walker,1866,N.albiguttalis Swinhoe,1890.Five species with genitalia described for the first time:N.dispilalis Hampson,1896,N.fulvalis Hampson,1899,N.albiguttalis Swinhoe,1890,N.conjunctalis Walker,1866,N.taihokualis Strand,1918,N.althealis Walker,1896.Species with female genitalia described for the first time:N.taihokualis Strand,1918.Two synonyms restored to valid names:N.chironalis Walker,1859（Previously treated as a synonym of N.dispilalis）,N.triguttalis Warren,1896（Previously treated as a synonym of N.incomitata（Swinhoe,1894））.1.2 Aberrationis Lu&Du,gen.nov.Type species:Aberrationis areolate Zeng&Du sp.nov.Dignosis:The labial palpus curved upward,and the third segment small and triangular.Wing mostly brown,a kidney-shaped spot beween R and Cu A1 on male forewing.Male genitalia:uncus sub-triangular,with densely setae.Anales tube slightly ossified,with setae on both sides.The valvas long elliptical or oblong,with densely setose dorsally.Female genitalia:apophyses anteriores process about twice as long as apophyses posteriores,triangularly dilated in the middle.Corpus bursae near long elliptical,with or without signum.Fourteen species of Aberrationis were recorded,including nine new species and five new combinations.Females of two species and male of one species were described for the first time.Nine new species:A.displuma sp.nov.,A.masconcava sp.nov.,A.aculeolata sp.nov.,A.comosa sp.nov.,A.femconvexa sp.nov.,A.nephroida sp.nov.,A.bilunularis sp.nov.,A.columnacea sp.nov.,A.flabellitormis sp.nov..Five new combinations:A.euryterminalis（Hampson,1918）comb.nov.,A.euryterminalis（Hampson,1918）comb.nov.,A.insignis（Butler,1881）comb.nov.,A.maculalis（Leech,1889）comb.nov.,A.semivialis（Moore,1888）comb.nov..Two species with females described for the first time:A.euryterminalis（Hampson,1918）comb.nov.,A.insignis（Butler,1881）comb.nov..Species with male described for the first time:A.euryterminalis（Hampson,1918）comb.nov.,A.maculalis（Leech,1889）comb.nov..2.Fauna2.1 Nosophora Lederer,1863The reseults show that 22 species are distributed in Oriental Realm make up 75.86%of 29 species in the world,then 13 species in Australian Realm accounting for 44.83%,and a few species in the Palearctic Realm and African Realm.There is no species distributed in Palearctic Realm or African Realm.There are six distribution patterns of this genus in the zoogeographical regions of the world.It shows 14 species are endemic to the Oriental Realm accounting for 48.27%,six species accounting for 20.69%are in Australian region,six species both in Oriental and Australian regions.And species which is endemic to the African region,distributed both in the Oriental and Palearctic regions,and simultaneously in Palearctic,Oriental and Australian regions are all only one.It is speculated that Oriental region is the species differentiation center of Nosophora.There are 11 species of Nosophora distributed in China.All of them are distributed in the Oriental Realm,five species are in Australian Realm accounting for 45.45%,only one species in Palearctic Realm.There is no species distributed in the African Realm,Neotropical Realm or Nearctic Realm.Eleven species of Nosophora are distributed in China.Six species accounting for54.54%of them mainly distribute in Southwest-China and South-China region,respectively.Five species accounting for 45.45%in Center-China region,and only one species in North-China region.No species is distributed in Northeast-China,Mongol-Xingjiang and Qinghai-Tibet region.There are six distribution patterns in zoogeographical region of China.It shows four species are endemic to Southwest-China regions accounting for 36.36%,three species accounting for 27.27%are in Center-China and South-China regions,and only one species is in Center-China regions,South-China regions,Southwest-China and South-China regions respectively,and simultaneously in Southwest-China,Center-China,South-China and North-China regions.The species of Nosophora from China mainly consist of South-China component.2.2 Aberrationis Zeng&Du,gen.nov.The reseults show that all 14 species of Aberrationis are distributed in Oriental Realm,and only one species in the Palearctic Realm.Twelve species accounting for 85.71%of them are mainly distributed in Southwest-China region,ten species accounting for71.43%in Center-China region,nine species accounting for 64.29%in South-China,only one species accounting for 7.14%in North-China region and Mongol-Xingjiang region,respectively.No species is distributed in Northeast-China region and Qinghai-Tibet region.And it shows there are six distribution patterns in zoogeographical region of China.Seven species accounting for 50%are distributed in Southwest-China,Center-China and South-China regions.Three species accounting for 21.43%are endemic to Southwest-China regions.Two species accounting for 14.29%are distributed in Center-China and South-China regions.Only one species is distributed in Center-China and Southwest-China regions,as well as in Southwest-China,Central-China,South-China,Northeast-China and Mongol-Xingjiang regions simultaneously.The species of Aberrationis from China mainly consist of South-China composition.It is speculated that South-China regions is the species dispersal center of Aberrationis from China.The two bivariate similarity coefficient of species in the seven zoogeographical regions in China are worked out by the specialized formulations.The analysis result indicates that the similarity index（SI）of Nosophora of South-China and Center-China reach up to 0.57,which are significant similarity.Then SI of Southwest-China and South-China are 0.20,which are not significant.SI of North-China and Southwest-China,North-China and South-China,Southwest-China and Central-China are 0.17,0.17 and 0.13respectively.About Aberrationis,the SI of Mongol-Xingjiang and Northeast-China reach up to 1.0,which are significant similarity.The SI of South-China and Center-China are 0.90,then Southwest-China and Central-China,Southwest-China and Southwest-China are 0.57 and 0.50 respectively,which also are significant.And SI of the rest regions are less than 0.20,which are not significant. |
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