| In this study,we took Dorper lamb as the research object.The early breeding was divided into lactation period,weaning period and nursery period to explore the appropriate feed type for each stage.Its purpose is to provide an ideal early weaning plan,to reduce lamb breeding costs,to improve feeding overall benefit.At the same time,it promotes the application of liquid fermented feed and matured soft pellet feed in the field of ruminant farming.The study content is divided into the following three parts:Experiment 1 : Effect of liquid fermented feed on production performance,diarrhea rate and mortality of lambsThe purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of liquid fermented feed on growth performance,diarrhea rate and mortality in newborn lambs.The experiment selected 60 healthy newborn Dorper lambs of similar weight and divided them into experimental group and control group by random block design.The experimental group was fed with liquid fermented feed and fed normally,while the control group was only fed normally.There were 30 lambs in each group.Each group was divided into 5 replicates with 6 lambs in each replicate.On the first day of lamb birth,each lamb in the treatment group was fed 50 m L of filtered liquid fermented feed at a temperature of 20°C through a feeding bottle.After 7 days,the differences in growth performance,diarrhea rate and mortality rate of lambs in the two groups were observed.During the experiment,lambs in both groups were lactating normally.At 7days of age,there was no significant difference in final weight and average daily gain between lambs fed liquid fermented feed and normal lactating lambs(P>0.05),but the diarrhea rate and mortality were reduced,which were not significant(P>0.05).The results showed that feeding lambs with liquid fermented feed 7 days before birth had no effect on lamb’s production performance.Experiment 2: Effects of different feed types on production performance,nutrient digestibility and blood routine indexes of lambsThe purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of matured soft pellet feed on the production performance,nutrient digestibility,diarrhea rate and weaning age of Dorper lambs.On the basis of Experiment 1,30 normal lactating Dorper lambs were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatment groups by random block design,each treatment group was set up with 5 replicates,with 2 lambs in each replicate.The concentrate material with the same formula is processed into three different material types: powder,hard pellet and matured soft pellet.After the 8th day of birth,the three treatment groups were fed with different diets.During the feeding period,the feed intake of the lambs in each replicate group was recorded daily,and the diarrhea was observed and recorded.On 50 days,the lambs of each group were weighed,blood was collected and fecal samples were collected,and their production performance,diarrhea rate,digestibility and blood routine indexes were determined.At the age of 50 days,in terms of production performance,the lamb mince weight in the matured soft pellet group was higher than that in the powder group and the hard pellet group,but there was no significant difference among the three groups(P>0.05).The ADG of lambs in the matured soft pellet group was significantly higher than that in the powder group and the hard pellet group(P<0.05).The feed intake of lambs in the matured soft pellet group was slightly higher than that of the powder group and the hard pellet group,which were 3.0% and 6.7% higher,but there was no significant difference among the three groups(P>0.05).Among the three material types,the matured soft pellet group has the lowest feed-to-gain ratio.The diarrhea rate of lambs in the matured soft pellet group was significantly lower than that in the powder group and hard pellet groups(P<0.05).In terms of blood indicators,the blood erythrocyte count(RBC),hemoglobin concentration(HGB),mean hemoglobin volume(MCH),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC),mean platelet volume(MPV),and white blood cell count(WBC)in the blood of the lambs in the cured soft granule group)and lymphocyte count(LYM)were higher than those in the powder group and the hard pellet group,and the difference was not significant among the three groups(P>0.05).The number(MONO)of the powder group was higher than that of the hard pellet group and the matured soft pellet group,and the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The difference was not significant between hard pellet group and the matured soft pellet group(P>0.05).In terms of nutrient digestibility,the DM of lambs in the matured soft pellet group was significantly higher than that in the hard pellet group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference compared with the powder group(P>0.05).The CP digestibility of lambs in the matured soft pellet group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between the powder group and the hard pellet group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in EE digestibility among the three groups(P>0.05).The digestibility of NDF in the lambs in the matured soft pellet group was5% higher than that in the powder group,and 6% higher than that in the hard pellet group,The matured soft pellet group had a significant trend than other groups(0.05<P<0.1).The digestibility of ADF in the lambs in the matured soft pellet group was10.6% higher than that in the powder group,and 8.3% higher than that in the hard pellet group,showing a significant trend(0.05<P<0.1).The weaning diet of lambs fed with matured soft pellets was 8 d and 9 d shorter than the other two groups,respectively.The results showed that,compared with the other two feed types,the matured soft pellet feed could improve the lamb’s production performance,reduce its diarrhea rate and shorten the lamb’s weaning time.Experiment 3: Effects of different crude fiber levels on production performance and nutrient digestibility of nursery stage lambsThe purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of two different crude fiber levels on the production performance,diarrhea rate and nutrient digestibility of nursery stage lambs.Group H used weaning pellets with crude fiber level ≤ 15%,and group L used hard pellet feed with crude fiber level ≤ 9%.Thirty Dorper lambs that had reached the weaning standard were selected and divided into two treatment groups,with 5 replicates in each group,and 3 lambs in each replicate.It were fed the above two diets respectively.The daily feed intake was recorded,while the diarrhea of the lambs was observed and recorded.After 20 days,the two groups of lambs were weighed and fecal samples were collected to determine their growth performance and nutrient digestibility.The final weight and average daily gain of lambs in group L were lower than those in H group,and the difference had a significant trend between the two groups(0.1 <P >0.05).The average daily feed intake of lambs in L group was significantly higher than that in H group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the group L and the group H(P>0.1).The diarrhea rate and diarrhea index of the lambs in the group H were higher than those in the group L,and the difference was not significant between the two groups(P>0.05).The digestibility of DM and NDF in group L was significantly higher than that in group H(P<0.05),and the digestibility of ADF and CP was higher than that in H group,but the difference was not significant between the two groups(P>0.05).The results showed that in the lamb nursery stage,diet with a fiber level lower than 9%could properly improve the lamb’s production performance,reduce the diarrhea rate,and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients.The most suitable crude fiber level of the diet for the production and development of nursery stage lamb needs further research. |
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