| Return the straw to the field directly can conserve water and soil moisture,increase surface temperature and soil fertility.However,the diseased straw is not fermented at high temperature can easily lead to the spread of diseases and insect pests and affect the emergence rate and crop yield.In the process of straw feed utilization,the utilization is limited due to the constraints of large amount of straw,scattered and fluffy volume,and collection window period.The biological inoculants is added to the straw in the process of collecting and baling or after the baling,and then wrapped and fermented it to make feed or fertilizer,which can not only save transportation costs and increases farmers’ income,but also play an important role in promoting low-carbon agricultural development and rural revitalization.In this paper,aiming at the requirements of straw bales filling and fermentation after straw baling and harvesting,starting from the demand of localized treatment of straw,and considering factors such as the applicability,work efficiency,and transfer operations as factors,a movable bag-type straw bale bagging machine was designed.The straw bales was sprayed with additives and placed in the field or idle plots for fermentation,which could provide equipment and technical support for promoting the application of crop straws as feed and fertilizer.The main research contents were as follows:(1)The overall structure of the straw bale bagging machine was designed.According to the principle of straw baling forming and the technical requirements of filling operation,the overall structure of the straw bale bagging machine was determined,which mainly includes the straw bale push mechanism,bag support mechanism,travel mechanism,transmission mechanism and the hydraulic system.The working principle diagram of the hydraulic system was drawn,and the key structural technical parameters were determined through the overall design and the analysis of the bale filling process.(2)The design and simulation analysis of the hydraulic system of the straw bale bagging machine was carried out.According to the technical requirements of hydraulic control such as steering,bagging,pushing,and rack tilting during the operation of the straw bale bagging machine,the parameters of the engine,hydraulic pump,hydraulic motor,hydraulic cylinder,etc.were calculated and selected.The AMESim hydraulic simulation software was used to analyze the working conditions of the hydraulic circuit of the bale pushing mechanism and the frame tilting mechanism,and the rationality of the hydraulic system design was verified.(3)The prototype test and the filling test was carried out.The results of the test showed that the productivity was 22.19t/h,the oil consumption per ton of straw was0.213kg/t and the breakage rate of filling bags was 0.225%.under the condition of the inclination angle of the frame was 3.26°,the bale pushing speed was 0.15m/s,and the bale mass was 107.6kg.When the machine was in operation,the continuously loaded straw bales were loaded into the bag mouth under the action of the push mechanism and the bag support mechanism,and were smoothly landed by the frame tilt angle adjustment mechanism,and the bagging machine moveed forward under the push reaction force.The continuous filling operation of straw bales was realized.It could meet the basic requirements of bale filling operation. |
PDF Full Text Request