Research On The Design And Test Of Spoon-type Cyperus Esculentus Concentrate Seeder

Cyperus esculentus is a new type of cash crop integrating grain,oil,animal husbandry,feeding and greening and has great development value.In the row of seeds,there are problems such as poor seed filling effect,serious leakage phenomenon,low seed discharge rate,different plant spacing,stuck seeds,and poor adaptability to seed size.In order to solve these problems,a spoon-type cyperus esculentus concentrate seeder was developed.First of all,by consulting the recent literature on seeders and precision seeders at home and abroad,it is determined that the spoon type seeder is more suitable for the sowing of oil beans in China.The materialological characteristics of part of the cyperus esculentus were determined,which provided a practical basis for the subsequent design of the main structure and key components.Secondly,according to the seeding principle and seed characteristics of the seeder,the parameters of the main working parts of the seeder are determined.Including the angle of the seed spoon nest hole,the radius of the seed plate spoon hole,the size of the U-shaped groove of the seed wheel,the partition,the angle of the seed clearing area,the position of the filling area,etc.The mechanical analysis of the extreme seed filling angle and the falling angle was carried out,and the design of key components such as seed trays,seed guide wheels,and partitions suitable for cyperus esculentus row seeds was completed by using Solid works software.Third,using the test method,the performance test of the spoon type cyperus esculentus seeder was completed using the performance test bench of the drainage device.The factors and levels of the multi-factor experiment were determined by the one-factor experiment,and the orthogonal test was designed by the response surface method,and the variance analysis and optimization of the test data were obtained,and the optimal combination of parameters of the influencing factors was: the radius of the spoon hole R was 8.01 mm,the working speed was 4.42 km/h,and the angle of the clearing area was 13.81°,and the best parameter combination was verified in combination with the actual situation,and the average experimental result pass rate was94.5%,the undercast rate was 3.8%,and the replay rate was 1.7%.Finally,the field test was carried out,the results were based on the standard in the "Technical Specification for Quality Evaluation of Seeders",after field data collection and calculation,the pass rate was 92.6%,91.4% and 88.9% at the operation speed of4.0km/h,4.5km/h,5.0km/h,respectively,which were higher than the standard requirements,and the missed sowing rates were 5.1%,4.0%,7.5%,and the replay rates were 2.3%,4.6%,and 3.6%,respectively.Compared with the original seeder,the pass rate has increased by nearly 10%,and the leakage rate has been reduced by about 5%.Achieve the desired results.It can be seen that compared with the original seeder,the spoon-type cyperus esculentus seeder designed in this paper effectively solves the problem of low filling rate and low seedling rate caused by poor sowing effect of the existing cyperus esculentus seeder,and is strongly adapted to the seeds,avoiding the phenomenon of card,and filling the precision sowing requirements of the cyperus esculentus.It has improved the degree of mechanized planting of cyperus esculentus,which is suitable for large-scale planting,which is of great significance for the state to adjust the grain and oil structure and promote the development of the northwest region.