Study On Community Co-management Model Of Sanjiangyuan National Park

How to deal with the contradiction between ecological protection and community development is a difficult problem in the construction of national park system in China.Compared with other protected areas in China,the establishment of national parks requires strict ecological management,but inevitably limits local economic development.After more than 100 years of exploration,the early protection mode of "exclusion of community" has been transformed into active protection mode of community participation management.The mission of national parks is not only to protect ecology,but also to promote human well-being.National parks in various countries have gradually changed their thinking,respecting the development and social values of indigenous people,and emphasizing the participation of indigenous people in the construction of national parks through community co-management.Sanjiangyuan National Park is also actively exploring new ways for the joint development of national parks and communities.In 2016,the pilot project of the Sanjiangyuan National Park system was launched,and it was officially established as the first batch of national parks in October 2021.It is the largest and highest national park in China.Known as the "Water tower of China",Sanjiangyuan is of great significance to the ecology of China and even the world.Due to the cold climate and fragile ecology in the sanjiangyuan region,it is difficult to recover the natural resources once destroyed.However,the 61,500 aborigines who have lived in the park for generations have a strong dependence on natural resources,resulting in conflicts between ecological protection and economic and social development of the community.Therefore,it is necessary and valuable to discuss and study the conununity co-management model of Sanjiangyuan National Park.In this paper,on the basis of combing the domestic and foreign related research,collaborative governance theory,the citizen participation theory and sustainable development theory and other related theory as the foundation,using literature study,field survey method,according to the survey data of three national park and the basic situation of the three national parks descriptive analysis the current situation of community co-management,This paper expounds the development process and management status quo of Sanjiangyuan National Park,the general thinking and specific practices of community co-management of Sanjiangyuan National Park,and studies and analyzes the problems existing in the existing community comanagement mode.The problems include the low educational level of community residents in Sanjiangyuan National Park,the lack of communication between management agencies at all levels,the imperfect incentive measures for community residents to participate in community co-management,the lack of legal system for community co-management,and the lack of funds for national park community co-management.Secondly,the evaluation system of community co-management mode of Sanjiangyuan National Park was established by using analytic hierarchy process(AHP),questionnaire and other methods.Thirty evaluation indexes were selected and weighted to calculate the comprehensive evaluation index,and the evaluation results were analyzed and summarized.It was concluded that the implementation effect of community co-management mode of Sanjiangyuan National Park was "good".Thirdly,in order to make the community co-management model better play a positive role in coordinating ecological and community development in the Three-river headwaters region,it has been improved on the basis of the existing model,including the principle of community comanagement as systematic principle,democratic principle and progressive innovation principle.At the same time,it puts forward that the community co-management mode of Sanjiangyuan National Park needs to establish guidance system,perfect organization system,perfect legal system and perfect evaluation system.Finally put forward the security mode of community comanagement,three national park from the perspective of improving the symbiotic environment is put forward to strengthen the management service consciousness,innovation incentive mechanism,and from the perspective of optimizing symbiotic unit is put forward to improve the residents’ cultural level,improve the education and training mechanism,regain the national traditional culture,broaden the development path and the financing channels,etc.