| Flammulina filiformis is the most manufacturing edible mushroom cultivar in the world,usually cultivated on a larger scale,pathogens can spread and are controlled hardly once pathogens occurs.Distribution of pathogens in Flammulina filiformis closely related to the species and abundance of microorganisms in the environment.We analyzed the distribution of microorganism and conducted species identification in the fruiting room of a factory;the inhibition and space disinfection effect of five common disinfectants against four pathogens were evaluated;the effects of disinfectants on the growth of mycelium of Flammulina filiformis and their corrosiveness to common metal materials were evaluate thus finding the efficient and environmentally friendly "Hydrogen Peroxide-silver ion" compound disinfectant,it is a new type of disinfectant for the factory,we investigated the impact of disinfectants on the development and yield of fruiting body and analyzed the silver ion residue on matured fruiting body,it has a certain guiding role for the factory to use the disinfectant in the future.The results were as following:1.In the growth chamber,fungal colonies were significantly more than bacterial colonies.Among the five detection sites,the number of fungal and bacterial colonies at the three detection sites which were located in the entrance of the growth chamber were higher(P<0.05)than those of others.Among them,the detection sites facing the entrance were with the most of fungal and bacterial colonies.2.Through 16 S r RNA sequencing and ITS sequencing for microorganisms isolated from the collected air of growth chamber.The bacterial community mainly composed of Bacillus,Brevibacterium and Exiguobacterium;Bacillus and Staphylococcus were the dominant taxa,accounting for 38.1% and 23.8%,respectively;Pseudomonas was detected in the bacterial community,and some members of Pseudomonas are pathogenic bacteria of Flammulina filiformis;The fungal community mainly composed of Aspergillus,Acremonium and Chloridium;Aspergillus was the dominant taxa,accounting for 21.4%,respectively.3.Space disinfection test results showed that disinfectant B(4% chlorine-containing compound disinfectant)and disinfectant C(7.9% hydrogen peroxide-silver ion compound disinfectant)had significantly better inhibitory effect on fungi than disinfectant A1(36.5% sodium dichloroisocyanurate),disinfectant A2(39% sodium dichloroisocyanurate)and disinfectant A3(44% sodium dichloroisocyanurate),(P<0.05);The inhibitory effect of disinfectant A1 and disinfectant C against bacteria were significantly better than that of disinfectant A1(P<0.05),but have apparent difference with that of disinfectant A3 and disinfectant B.For Class A disinfectants with the same active ingredients,the effect of low concentration of A1 on bacteria was significantly higher than that of high concentration of A2,indicating that the effect of the disinfectant may be not only related to the active ingredients and content of the products,but also related to their production process and usage mode.4.The space disinfection assay showed that disinfectant C could effectively inhibit against four pathogens: Arthrobacter arilaitensi,Pseudomonas yamanorum,Pseudomonas migulae and Ewingella americana.Particularly,disinfectant C diluted to32 times times still could significantly inhibit the growth of Arthrobacter arilaitensi;the inhibitory effect of disinfectant A1 was much better than disinfectant A2 and disinfectant A3;the inhibitory effect of disinfectant B against Ewingella americana were significantly higher than the effect against the other three pathogens.5.The results of the safety test showed that all five disinfectants had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Flammulina filiformis(P<0.05).The effects of disinfectants A1,A2,A3,and C on the growth of Flammulina filiformis had no significant difference(P>0.05);the five disinfectants had corrosive effects on copper,aluminum and stainless steel,and disinfectant C had the modest effect on the three metals.6.Above results showed that disinfectant C is the best disinfectant.Spraying disinfectant at the primordial stage and the budding stage significantly reduced yield at various levels(P<0.05).However,spraying at the scratching stage had no impact on the yield.We detected the disinfectant residue of the mature fruiting bodies of Flammulina filiformis which were sprayed with disinfectant C during the scratching period,and found that the silver ion concentration did not exceed the standard,and the scratching period is the period when Flammulina velutipes are most susceptible to pathogen infection.Therefore,disinfectant C can be used for the disinfection of the space environment during the enoki mushroom scratching period. |
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