Analysis And Evaluation Of Vase Life Of Different Carnation Varieties

Carnation(Dianthus caryophyllus L.)is a widely used cut flower with high ornamental and commercial value,but its ornamental and commercial value is greatly affected by petal senescence.Carnation is an ethylene-sensitive flower,and ethylene plays an important role in its petal senescence.A lot of research has been done on ethylene metabolism during senescence of cut flowers.In the ethylene synthesis pathway,ACC synthase(ACS)and ACC oxidase(ACO)play important regulatory roles.The postharvest senescence characteristics of cut flowers of different carnation varieties are quite different.Studying the physiological changes of different carnation varieties during the aging process is extremely important to screen out carnation varieties with long vase life,prolong the flowering period of carnation,and improve the quality of vase.In this study,14 mainstream varieties of carnation in the market were used as test materials to study the differences of their sensitivity to ethylene,and the differences of various indicators in the blooming and aging period of 6 solid-color varieties were studied.The results are as follows:(1)The sensitivity of carnation varieties to ethylene varies greatly.Among the 14 carnation varieties,‘Master’ was the most sensitive to ethylene,and the bottle life of’Snow White’ after ethylene treatment had no significant difference compared with that without ethylene treatment.(2)The flower morphology of six pure color varieties‘Snow White’,‘Freedom’,‘Master’,‘Cloud Shium’,‘Little Pink’ and ‘Seashell’ was analyzed.After ethylene treatment,the number of blooming days of the other five varieties except ‘Snow White’ was significantly reduced,and most of the differences in the morphological changes occurred after the initial senescence stage.The water content of Carnation decreased gradually during the aging process,and the water content of carnation after ethylene treatment decreased significantly compared with the control group.The ethylene release changes of ‘Master’ belonged to the end-stage rising type,‘Cloud Shium’,‘Little Pink’,‘Seashell’,‘Freedom’,‘Snow White’belonged to the climacteric type,among which the ethylene release of ‘Snow White’ lowest.(3)It was found that the lighter the color,the lower the total anthocyanin content,and the darker the color,the higher the total anthocyanin content;A total of 26 phenolic substances in carnation petals were detected by HPLC-MS,and the effects of ethylene treatment on their contents were analyzed.The results showed that among the substances with obvious trend of change,kaempferol-3-O rhamnosyl-(1-2)-rhamnosyl-(1-6)-glucoside(M5)(‘Master’);kaempferol-3-(6 "-rhamnosyl-2"-(6-methyl-glucosyl)-glucoside(M13)(‘Little Pink’);Kaempferol-3-O rhamnosyl-(1-2 /)6)-glucoside isomer 1(M7),isovitaxanthin(M14),citric acid(M26),centathrin 3-O,5-O-cyclomalyl-diglucoside(M17)(‘seashells’)increased with the increase of treatment time,while the rest showed a decreasing trend;Correlation analysis showed that with the increase of ethylene treatment time,ethylene release increased and citric acid accumulation increased.Delphintin-3-O,5-O-cyclomalinodiglucoside(M15)was not affected by ethylene treatment.(4)In ethylene induced differential expression of DcACS1,DcACO1,DcSAG12,‘Master’ DcACS1,DcACO1 up-regulated the most,‘sea shell’ DcSAG12 up-regulated the most;Transient silencing and overexpression of DcACS1 and DcACO1 in ‘Master’showed that transient silencing could significantly delay aging,while overexpression could significantly accelerate aging.