Effects Of Perilla Frutescens Essential Oil On Growth Performance、biochemical Indices Of Serum And Nutrient Metabolic Rate Of Broilers

Objective:In this thesis,yellow-feathered broilers were used as experimental animals,using a single factor completely random design was adopted,adding different levels to the diet Perilla frutescens essential oil,research on broiler growth performance,slaughter performance,immune function,antioxidant function,the influence of gut microbes and nutrient metabolic rate,so as to basil it can provide a scientific reference application in Perilla frutescens essential oil production.Methods:A total of 192 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into four treatments with four replicates in each treatment.They were supplemented with 0（CON）,100 mg/kg（PFEO₁）,200 mg/kg（PFEO₂）and 300 mg/kg（PFEO₃）Perilla frutescens essential oil.The experiment lasted for 70 days and was divided into three feeding stages of 1-21 days of age,22-56 days of age and57-70 days of age.Broilers were respectively immunized with Newcastle disease virus（NDV）live vaccine at 7,14 and 28 days of age.This paper is divided into three experiments,the specific methods are as follows:Experiment 1:Effects of Perilla frutescens essential oil on growing performance and slaughter performance of broilers.1)The broilers in different feeding stages were weighed on an empty stomach at the end of each stage,and the feed amount and residual feed amount,and the average daily gain（ADG）,average daily feed intake（ADFI）and feed/gain（F/G）of broilers were calculated respectively.2)At the age of 70 days,3 broilers per replicated in each group to determine the slaughter performance indexes of broilers.Experiment 2:Effects of Perilla frutescens essential oil on serum biochemical indices and intestinal microbes of broilers.1)35 d and 70 d in the experiment,3 broilers were randomly selected from each group per replicate,wing vein blood sampling,4000 r/min,centrifugal separation serum,kit method was used to determination of broiler in serum total superoxide dismutase（T-SOD）activity,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）activity,malonic dialdehyde（MDA）content,the content of immunoglobulin G（Ig G）,the content of immunoglobulin M（Ig M）and immunoglobulin A（Ig A）,the serum Newcastle disease antibody titer of broilers was detected by hemagglutination—hemagglutination inhibition（HA-HI）test.3broilers were randomly selected from each group per replicate,weighed and slaughtered after neck bloodletting.Bursa of Fabricius and spleen were removed after dissection and weighed accurately to calculate the immune organ index.2)3 broilers per replicate in each group per replicatewere weighed and slaughtered.Cecum and ileum contents were taken and placed in sterile test tubes,diluted 10^-1～10^-9times ratio on an ultra-clean operating table,and the number of EC,Lactic acid bacteria（LAB）and total aerobic bacteria（TABC）were detected by plate colony counting method.Experiment 3:Effects of Perilla frutescens essential oil on nutrient metabolic rate of broilers.Feces were collected for 3 days at the end of each growth stage of broilers,and the feces samples were mixed for3 days in groups to prepare air-dried samples.The contents of 2N-acid insoluble ash（2N-AIA）,crude protein（CP）,ether extract（EE）,calcium（Ca）and phosphorus（P）in diet and feces were determined by endogenous indicator method,respectively.The metabolic rates of CP,EE,Ca and P were calculated respectively.Results:Experiment 1:1)From 1 to 70 days of age,ADG of broilers in the PFEO₂and PFEO₃groups was significantly higher than that in the CON and PFEO₁groups（P<0.05）.There was no significant difference between the PFEO₂and PFEO₃groups（P>0.05）.There was no significant difference in ADFI of broilers among all groups（P>0.05）.The ratio of F/G of broilers in the PFEO₂and PFEO₃groups was significantly lower than that in the CON group（P<0.05）.There was no significant difference among PFEO₁,PFEO₂and PFEO₃groups（P>0.05）.2)There were no significant differences in dressing percentage,half-eviscerated percentage,eviscerated percentage and abdominal fat percentage of broilers among all groups（P>0.05）;The chest muscle percentage and leg muscle percentage of broilers in PFEO₂group were significantly higher than those in CON group and PFEO₁group（P<0.05）,there was no significant difference between PFEO₂and PFEO₃groups（P>0.05）,and there was no significant difference among CON,PFEO₁and PFEO₃groups（P>0.05）.Experiment 2:1)Compared with CON group,all Perilla frutescens essential oil treatment groups significantly increased broilers serum T-SOD and GSH-Px activity at 35 days of age（P<0.05）,PFEO₂and PFEO₃treatment groups significantly increased serum T-SOD activity at 70 days of age（P<0.05）,and significantly decreased serum MDA content at 70 days of age（P<0.05）;Compared with CON group,all Perilla frutescens essential oil treatment groups significantly increased serum Ig A content at 35 days of age（P<0.05）.2)Compared with CON group,all Perilla frutescens essential oil treatment groups significantly increased the number of broilers ileum LAB count at 35 days of age,and the number of cecum LAB and ileum LAB at 70 days of age（P<0.05）,the number of EC,TABC at 35 days of age and the number of TABC at 70 days of age were significantly decreased（P<0.05）;PFEO₂and PFEO₃treatment groups significantly increased the number of LAB in cecum at 35 days of age（P<0.05）,and significantly decreased the number of cecum TABC at 70 days of age（P<0.05）,PFEO₂treatment group significantly decreased the number of cecum EC and TABC at 35 days of age,and the number of EC in cecum and ileum at 70 days of age（P<0.05）.Experiment 3:Compared with CON group,all Perilla frutescens essential oil treatment groups significantly increased the metabolic rates of CP and EE at 19-21 days of age and the metabolic rates of EE at 54-56 days of age（P<0.05）;PFEO₂and PFEO₃treatment groups significantly increased the metabolic rate of EE at 68-70 days of age（P<0.05）.Conclusion:In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,it was found that adding 200mg/kg Perilla frutescens essential oil to the diet was can improve the to growth performance,serum biochemical indices and nutrient metabolic rate of broilers.