Comparison Analysis Of Production Performance Of Different Strains And Residual Feed Intake In Small-sized Meat Ducks

In poultry production,feed cost accounts for more than 70%of the total cost,and the efficiency of feed utilization is closely related to the cost of breeding.Therefore,it is important to effectively reduce poultry feed intake and improve feed efficiency to improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost of farming enterprises.Residual feed intake(RFI)is an ideal indicator of poultry feed utilization efficiency and belongs to medium genetic power,which is conducive to better selection and breeding of high quality individuals with high feed efficiency.In this study,two lines,H1 and H2,which were jointly selected by our group and Shuyang Zongke Breeding Poultry Co.,Ltd,were used for the study..The aim was to select a specialized line of small-bodied ducks with the best economic traits;and to correlate the growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of the two lines at different RFI levels.The main test results were as follows:1.Effects of different strains on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of small-sized meat ducksTo study the effects of strain and sex on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of H1 and H2 small size ducks.In this experiment,1043 H1 and 420 H2 small size ducks were randomly selected at 21 days of age for single cage rearing to 42 days of age,and 90(half male and half female)were selected from each of the two lines for slaughter performance and meat quality measurement.In terms of production performance,the Feed conversion rate(FCR)of H1 strain was significantly lower than that of H2 strain(P<0.05),there was no effect between different genders.Body weight at 22 days of age(BW22),body weight at 42 days of age(B W42),average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and metabolic body weight(BW0.75)of H1 strain were significantly higher than those of H2 strain(P<0.05),B W42,ADG and BW0.75 of male ducks were significantly higher than those of female ducks(P<0.05).In terms of slaughtering performance,gender had no influence on the indexes of slaughtering performance(P>0.05).The slaughter rate,half evisceration rate,heart rate,liver rate and muscle stomach rate of H2 strain were significantly higher than those of H1 strain(P<0.05),while H1 strain had higher breast muscle percentage and lean meat percentage(P<0.05).In terms of meat quality,the values of pH 1,pH24 and a*and the contents of crude protein,crude fat and collagen in pectoral muscle of H1 strain were significantly higher than those of H2 strain(P<0.05),while L*value and intramuscular water content were significantly lower than those of H2 strain(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between male and female in all indexes of breast muscle quality(P>0.05).In the leg muscle,the pH1 and pH24 values in the pectoral muscle of H1 strain were significantly higher than those of H2 strain(P<0.05);In terms of flesh color traits,L*H1 strain was significantly lower than H2 strain,and a*H1 strain was significantly higher than H2 strain(P<0.05);In terms of water retention,the water loss rate of H2 strain was significantly higher than that of H1 strain(P<0.05);In the conventional nutrients,the intramuscular protein content of H1 strain was significantly higher than H2 strain,while the intramuscular fat and collagen content of H1 strain was significantly lower than H2 strain(P<0.05).The interaction between strain and sex had significant effects on intramuscular protein(P<0.05),but no significant difference was found in other indicators(P>0.05).2.Correlation analysis of growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of small-sized ducks with high and low RFITo investigate the relationship between RFI and growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of small-sized ducks of the same strain.In this experiment,1043 H1 and 420 H2 ducklings were randomly selected.During the trial period(22-42d),all individuals were measured for growth performance,and at 42 days of age,30 ducks(half male and half female)with H-RFI,M-RFI and L-RFI values were selected for blood sample collection and slaughter performance tests,and slaughter performance,meat quality and blood The slaughter performance,meat quality and blood biochemical indexes were measured.In terms of growth performance,no significant differences(P>0.05)were found among the three groups of H1 and H2 lines for body weight indexes(BW22,BW42,ADG and BW0.75);significant differences(P<0.05)were found in two indexes,ADFI and FCR,and ADFI increased significantly with increasing RFI values;in terms of slaughter performance,the three groups of H1 lines divided by RFI did not show significant differences(P>0.05).In terms of meat quality,the muscle quality of chest and legs of H1 and H2 lines were not affected by RFI grouping,and all meat quality indicators did not show significant differences.In terms of blood biochemical indexes,the TG level of smallbodied meat ducks in the H-RFI group of the H1 line was higher than that in the L-RFI group(P<0.05),and HDL-C showed a tendency to decrease with the increase of RFI(P=0.076),and in the RFI grouping of the H2 line,the concentration of TG rose with the increase of RFI,and the mean concentration of GH in the H-RFI was significantly higher than that in the medium and high RFI groups(P<0.05),while the concentration of HDL-C showed an opposite trend,decreasing with increasing RFI(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that RFI did not show correlation with body weight indexes in H1 and H2 lines,but showed significant correlation with and ADFI and FCR(P<0.01).RFI showed significant positive correlation with slaughter rate in H1 line(P<0.05),while RFI did not show correlation with slaughter indexes in H2 line(P>0.05),and the two lines of The leanness of both lines showed a highly significant positive correlation(P<0.01)with the pectoral muscle rate and leg muscle rate,while the leg muscle water loss rate of H1 line showed a highly significant positive correlation(P<0.01)with RFI,and the pectoral and leg muscle L*of H2 line showed a highly significant negative correlation(P<0.01)with RFI.In H1 and H2 lines,RFI showed positive correlation with TG(r=0.33&r=0.44),while H2 lines showed significant negative correlation with HDL-C(P<0.05).In summary,the H1 and H2 lines show different advantages due to different selection directions.The H1 line has better production performance and high feed conversion rate,while the H2 line has better slaughter performance and flavor.The differences in the production performance of small-sized meat ducks with different RFI are small,and the low RFI small-sized meat ducks have great potential for development,and genetic selection for RFI has the possibility of reducing feed costs without reducing the production performance of small-sized meat ducks.The present study provides a valuable reference for selecting ducklings with high economic performance such as high feed conversion rate and high meat quality through RFI.