Effect Of ADIPOQ Gene On Meat Quality Performance And Transcriptional Expression Analysis Of The Longest Dorsal Muscle In Sheep

Meat performance is an important economic trait for sheep,and how to improve meat performance in sheep is a problem for breeders.The ADIPOQ gene plays a key role in energy and lipid metabolism and is an important candidate gene for regulating meat quality performance in livestock and poultry,but there are few related studies on meat quality performance in sheep.Meat quality performance is jointly influenced by the expression of several genes,while the expression level of genes is also regulated by multiple factors,and transcriptional regulation is an important mechanism that affects the level of gene expression.Non-coding RNAs are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression,and an increasing number of studies have shown that ncRNAs can be involved in regulating meat quality performance in livestock and poultry.In this study,we used Dupo sheep,beach sheep,small-tailed cold sheep and their crossbred progeny as research objects,and detected the ADIPOQ gene SNP loci using liquid-phase sequencing technology,and analyzed the association between the screened polymorphic loci and meat quality performance indexes of sheep after typing using mass spectrometry typing technology;meanwhile,we detected the gene and protein expression of individuals with different genotypes of ADIPOQ gene loci in sheep,and analyzed Based on the results of the association analysis,mRNA and non-coding RNA expression in the longest and dorsal muscles of sheep with different genotypes of ADIPOQ locus was detected using whole transcriptome sequencing technology,and key genes and non-coding RNAs related to amino acid metabolism in sheep were screened using bioinformatics analysis.The main findings are as follows:（1）There are multiple SNP loci for the ADIPOQ gene in sheep,and the population genetic structure of the exon mutant loci varies among populations.The T>C missense mutation at locus 218922172 was associated with carcass weight,protein content,and 15 amino acids in different genotypes.Individuals with different genotypes were associated with muscle fiber diameter,water loss rate,glutamate content and various fatty acids;individuals with a missense mutation of A>G at locus 218923544 were associated with shear force,creatinine content,proline,undecanoic acid and arachidonic acid content.（2）The sheep ADIPOQ gene was highly expressed in adipose,hypothalamus,and muscle tissues.Mutation at locus 218922172 affected the expression of ADIPOQ gene and protein,showing the highest expression in individuals with TT genotype and the lowest expression in individuals with TC gene.The expression of ADIPOQ gene in sheep was significantly and positively correlated with the content of 15 amino acids.（3）A total of 691 DEMs were obtained among individuals of three genotypes at ADIPOQ locus 218922172 in sheep,from which 45 candidate genes related to amino acid metabolism were screened,including ADIPOQ,MX1,RUNX1,PRKAG3,HSL,GSTO2,etc.131 known mi RNAs and 137 novel miRNAs were identified as well as 7998 circ RNAs and 21989 lnc RNAs among which novel₃23,novel₂64,novel₂2,novel_circ₀008291,novel_circ₀002807,TCONS₀0028914,TCONS₀005842 and TCONS₀0058427 may be the key regulators affecting amino acid metabolism in sheep.（4）Mutation of ADIPOQ gene locus 218922172 in sheep affected the transcriptional expression of mRNA of this gene,which showed the highest expression in TT genotype individuals and the lowest expression in TC genotype individuals;mutation of locus 218922172 did not affect non-coding RNA,and the difference of non-coding RNA expression might be affected by the interaction between ADIPOQ gene and other genes.The mutation at locus 218922172 regulated amino acid metabolism in sheep mainly by promoting lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism,thus affecting energy metabolism.In conclusion:the ADIPOQ gene in sheep affects its meat quality performance,and the results of its association analysis provide a reference for studies related to this gene in sheep meat quality performance.The missense mutation locus 218922172 is a key candidate genetic molecular marker affecting amino acid content in sheep,and mutations at this locus affect the expression of ADIPOQ gene and protein,mainly by affecting energy balance to achieve the regulation of amino acid metabolism in sheep.The genes and non-coding RNAs screened in this study can be used as key candidates for amino acid metabolism.The above findings provide a theoretical basis for breed selection and improvement of sheep.