Study On Variety Screening And Fertilization Formula Of Intercropping Camellia Chrysantha Varieties Under Rubber Forest

Natural rubber produced from Hevea brasiliensis is an important industrial raw material and strategic material,which plays an irreplaceable role in the national economy.Camellia chrysantha is a shade-tolerant plant,which generally grows under the arbor forest.It has a wide range of uses,high product value,broad development prospects and high economic value.However,in recent years,the continuous downturn in natural rubber prices has led to a sharp decline in the unit area of rubber plantations and the income of rubber farmers.Therefore,making full use of the space under rubber forests to develop intercropping can effectively improve the land utilization rate and production efficiency of rubber forests.In this study,the growth adaptability of fertilizer application test was studied through the phenological rhythm of Camellia nitidissima under rubber forest.The effects of fertilizer application on the growth traits and photosynthetic characteristics of Camellia nitidissima intercropping under rubber forest were studied,and the best fertilizer application amount to promote the growth and development of Camellia nitidissima under rubber forest was determined.Secondly,six kinds of Camellia chrysantha were used as experimental materials,combined with the characteristics of the environment under the rubber forest,by setting up a shading net to set up four shading degrees of 30%,50%,70%and 90%,the growth and development,photosynthetic physiology and leaf mineral nutrients of six kinds of Camellia chrysantha were studied.The response of shading degree to screening suitable Camellia chrysantha varieties for intercropping under rubber forest.Finally,the effects of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium formula fertilization treatments on the yield,leaf mineral nutrients and leaf quality of Camellia nitidissima were studied through the ’3414 ’ nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium formula fertilization test,and the best nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization formula was screened out,which provided theoretical support for the efficient cultivation technology of intercropping Camellia nitidissima under rubber forest in Hainan.The results are as follows:(1)The growth of plant height and ground diameter of Camellia nitidissima under rubber forest showed ’ M ’ type growth with the increase of fertilization amount,and reached the highest under F3 fertilization condition.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of Camellia nitidissima under rubber forest increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application,and was higher under treatment F2(200 g/plant).(2)According to the comprehensive evaluation by the membership function method,Camellia nitidissima Chi,Camellia impressinervis Hung T.Chang et S.Ye Liang,Camellia petelotii var.grandiflora Sealy grew best under 70%shading,Camellia pubipetala Y.Wan et S.Z.Huang and Camellia euphlebia Merr.ex Sealy grew best under 90%shading,and Camellia Tienii Ninh grew best under 50%shading.it is concluded that under 70%shading degree,the growth of Camellia impressinervis Hung T.Chang et S.Ye Liang,Camellia petelotii var.grandiflora Sealy and Camellia nitidissima Chi is better,and under 90%shading degree,the growth of Camellia euphlebia Merr.ex Sealy,Camellia pubipetala Y.Wan et S.Z.Huang and Camellia nitidissima Chi is better.(3)The growth of Camellia nitidissima Chi was the best under 70%and 90%shading.The plant height growth,net photosynthetic rate and total chlorophyll content of Camellia nitidissima Chi were larger under 90%shading.The leaf area,leaf nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium,magnesium and soluble protein content of Camellia nitidissima Chi were larger under 70%shading,indicating that high shading was more conducive to the growth and nutrient accumulation of Camellia nitidissima Chi.(4)The best formula of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization of Camellia nitidissima Chi was:nitrogen fertilizer 29.49 g/plant,phosphorus fertilizer 37.43 g/plant,potassium fertilizer 8.98 g/plant.The yield of Camellia nitidissima Chi was the highest under T5(N2P2K2),and the contents of tea polyphenols,total saponins and total flavonoids were the highest under T4(N2P1K2).