Effects Of Caragana Korshinskii On Meat Quality,relevant Fatty Acids And Gastrointestinal Microbial Flora Of Tan Sheep And Its Primary Mechanism Of Action

In this study,the effects of feeding Caragana Korshinskii to tanyang sheep on muscle quality,fatty acid profile of subskin adipose tissue,and gastrointestinal microbiome were comprehensively analyzed,and the mechanism of its effects was preliminarily explored.This paper was divided into three parts:The first part was a review of research status and biological activities of Caragana Korshinskii.In the second part,the effects of 10%caragana Korshinskii on fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat,volatile fatty acids in gastrointestinal tract and microflora of Tan sheep were evaluated.The correlation test was conducted to analyze the correlation degree of caragana Korshinskii on muscle and fat quality and changes in gastrointestinal microflora of Tan sheep.In the third part,the potential compounds of Caragana Korshinskii regulating lipid metabolism were analyzed by network pharmacological analysis and calculation,and the binding ability of the compounds and targets was tested.The main results are as follows:(1)Effects on meat quality indexes:Diet supplemented with 10%Caragana Korshinskii showed no significant changes in the brightness(L*),redness(a*)and yellowness(b*)of flesh color in Longissimus dorsi and quadriceps of Tan sheep.The cooked meat rate of quadriceps muscle of Tan lamb was significantly decreased(P<0.05);(2)Effects on fatty acids of subcutaneous fat:Caragana Korshinskii had a tendency to decrease saturated fatty acids of subcutaneous fat(0.05<p<0.1),increased unsaturated fatty acids(0.05<p<0.1),and significantly decreased palmitic acid(P<0.05).(3)Effects on volatile fatty acids in the digestive system:Feeding C.korshinskii significantly increased the production of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the intestine(P<0.05);It also significantly reduced the concentration of butyrate in the rumen and acetic acid in the colon(P<0.05).(4)Effects on gastrointestinal microbiota:The major differential genus in the colon was Treponema,and in the rumen were 5-7N15 and YRC22.The correlation analysis of the above traits showed that colonic isovaleric acid and isobutyric acid were positively and negatively correlated with quadriceps femoris muscle compression loss and system hydraulic power,respectively(P<0.05).Colonic isobutyric acid and subcutaneous palmitic acid have a negative correlation trend.Colonic isobutyric acid has a negative correlation trend with colonic Treponema flora.Network pharmacological analysis showed that Caragana koragana components were involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism in three genes,PPARγ,ADRB2,and FTO,which could be used as potential targets.Molecular docking analysis showed that the active components of C.korshinskii had good binding ability with the three corresponding targets.Molecular dynamics simulations and electrostatic potential analysis showed that Tricin,Hyperoside and Odoratin could bind to their targets with good stability.To sum up the results:1.Replacement of 10%alfalfa with caragana korshinskii had no negative effect on the growth performance of Tan sheep;2.Caragana korshinskii alters branched-chain fatty acid content in the colon by secondary fermentation with endemic microorganisms;3.Adding caragana korshinskii changed the content of saturated fatty acids under the skin and improved the meat quality;4.Multiple components and targets of Caragana korshinskii are involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism;5.PPARy and ADRB2 may be potential targets for regulating lipid metabolism in C.korshinskii;6.Tricin,Hyperoside and Odoratin are potential bioactive components for regulating lipid metabolism.