| The utilization of organic waste,such as kitchen waste,livestock and poultry excrement,plant residues and animal carcasses is of great significance for the sustainable development of society.With the national attention to the recycling harmless reducing treatment of kitchen waste,the method of using black soldier flies to treat kitchen waste has gradually become a research hot spot.At present,many breeding companies are committed to developing a set of mechanized and large-scale breeding system of black soldier fly in line with their own ideas,but the technology is not yet mature,and there are still many problems in delivering feed,spreading larvae,feeding,harvesting and environmental control.In this thesis,by exploring the matching between the biology of black soldier fly and mechanical technology,the feeding system,larvae-spreading system and rack system are constructed,so as to reduce the cost and improve the feeding efficiency,in order to provide technical solutions,method reference and theoretical support for large-scale,mechanized and automatic breeding of black soldier fly.The main study results are as follows:(1)5-day-old black soldier fly larvae can be transported by hydraulic-drive pump,peristaltic pump and single screw pump.The transportation distance of this experiment is 6m,and the survival rate of larvae exceeded 99%.(2)In the experiment of the influence of different larval dispersal methods on the body weight of the larvae,the use of artificial spreading of larvae and pneumatic feeder showed no obvious significance on larvae weight and reach the maximum at 13 d,18.39±0.32 g and18.51±0.29 g,respectively,after 14 d larvae due to near pupal period and weight loss.The weight of hydraulic-drive pump treatment increased throughout the experiment,and the weight was 14.68±0.27 g at 14 d,the difference from the maximum value of the other two groups of treatments,indicating that the larval stage of black soldier flies was prolonged by using hydraulic-drive pump.(3)In the experiment of the influence of different heating methods on the production performance and power consumption of black soldier fly larvae,there was no significant difference in the production performance of larvae between the environmental heating treatment and the feeding box heating treatment,and the power consumption of the feeding box heating treatment was reduced by 33.50%compared with the environmental heating treatment.(4)Under the condition of high-density larval rearing,using the"multiple frequency and small quantity"feeding method increased the consumption of fresh and dry weight of kitchen waste by over 16.00%and 14.80%compared to one-time feeding;The fresh and dry weight of larvae increased by 29.02%and 35.21%respectively.When feeding black soldier fly in high density,excessive feeding at one time will lead to kitchen waste at the bottom can not be transformed by larvae,thus affecting the separation of insects and residues.(5)Under the condition that the feeding equipment can achieve high efficiency,the optimal larvae density is 100,000 larvae per square meter.If the feeding density is too low or too high,the production performance of black soldier fly larvae will be negatively affected.(6)The isobaric shunt system constructed in this experiment is composed of multiple shunt tanks and pipes,which can be fed equally at the same time to improve the feeding efficiency,which can simultaneously and equally transport kitchen waste to multiple receptacles to improve feeding efficiency.(7)The total effective feeding area of the feeding rack system is 2,560 m~2,Using the cylinders to tilt all the feeding receptacles,with a conveyor belt can quickly harvest 16t of larvae and residue within 1 hour.Through the rotation of the impeller and the vibration of the vibrator,the larvae can be spread safely and equally,with a larvae spreading amount of25 kg/min. |
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