Identification And QTL Mapping Of New Wheat Strains Resistant To Fusarium Head Blight By Inoculation

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is one of the most important grain crops in China,and its role in national food security and effective supply of agricultural products is irreplaceable.Wheat Fusarium head blight seriously threatens national food security and people’s health.This study mainly screened and identified new varieties and germplasm suitable for wheat breeding and utilization in Henan Province,and used the created genetic population to identify Fusarium head blight resistance through single flower drip inoculation.The BSA method combined with 55 K SNP chip and SSR marker was used to construct a F2 population for linkage analysis and construct a linkage genetic map.Through pedigree analysis,new genes for Fusarium head blight resistance were further excavated.The main research findings are as follows:1.By using 9 wheat germplasm resources resistant to Fusarium head blight in Henan Province as research materials,the single flower drip inoculation method was used for field identification of Fusarium head blight resistance.At the same time,molecular markers related to Fhb1,Fhb2,Fhb4,Fhb5,and Fhb7 were used for genotype detection.The research results showed that the average diseased spikelet rate of the 9 tested varieties was 42.2%,with an average severity of 3.0.The new wheat variety Yunong 903 showed high resistance to Fusarium head blight,with an average severity of 1.0.Yunong 904,Wan270,and Guanghui 816 showed moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight,with an average severity of 2.3,2.8,and 2.5,respectively.Zhengmai 9134 showed moderate susceptibility to Fusarium head blight,with an average severity of 3.0;Jimai 1 showed high sensitivity to Fusarium head blight with an average severity of 4.1,Zhoumai 27 showed high sensitivity to Fusarium head blight with an average severity of3.6,weak spring control variety Zhengmai 113 showed high sensitivity to Fusarium head blight with an average severity of 3.5,and semi winter control variety Bainong 207 showed high sensitivity to Fusarium head blight with an average severity of 4.2.The new wheat varieties tested,Yunong 903,Yunong 904,Wanmai 270,Zhengmai 9134,and Guanghui 816,have better resistance to Fusarium head blight than the two control varieties.Zhoumai 27 and Jimai 1 have better resistance to Fusarium head blight than Bainong 207 but weaker than Zhengmai 113.Molecular marker detection showed that Yunong 903 and Yunong 904 carry the resistance gene Fhb1 to Fusarium head blight,while Jimai 1 and Zhengmai 9134 carry Fhb5.2.Conduct an investigation on the main agronomic traits of wheat germplasm resources with resistance to Fusarium head blight in Henan Province,including winter and spring,yield components,plant height,and cold resistance.Determine the main quality traits such as protein content,hardness,wet gluten content,and sedimentation value indoors.The research results indicate that except for Zheng Mai113,which is weakly spring resistant,all nine new wheat varieties tested are semi winter resistant.The average yield of the tested varieties is 7105.4 kg · hm2,with an average tillering rate of 42.4%,an average number of spikes per unit area of 5.09 million · hm-2,an average number of grains per spike of 33.5grains per panicle,and an average thousand grain weight of 43.6 g.The yield of three new strains,Zhoumai 27,Zhengmai 9134,and Yunong 904,respectively,ranks in the top three.The average full growth period of the tested varieties is 217 days,with a range of 2-3 levels of winter cold resistance and2-4 levels of spring cold resistance.The average plant height is 76.7 cm,and the Bainong 207 and the machine.