Effects Of Nutrient Accumulation And Quality Of Crops By Foliar Selenium Spraying

In this paper,corn,soybean and sorghum grown in Hailun City of Heilongjiang Province were used as experimental materials.The effects of selenium application at different fertility stages on the agronomic traits and crop quality of maize,soybean and sorghum,as well as on the mineral and heavy metal contents of maize were analysed in a field experiment.(C1,S1,G1-corn,soybean,sorghum:spray 7.5 L/667 m~2selenium fertilizer in mid June,spray 7.5 L/667 m~2selenium fertilizer and 7.5 L/667 m~2clean water in early August;C2,S2,G2-corn,soybean,sorghum:spray7.5 L/667 m~2selenium fertilizer in mid June,spray 15.5 L/667 m~2selenium fertilizer in early August)The effects of exogenous selenium fertilization on lead accumulation in various parts of maize were verified.(CK:clear water;T1:lead solution and clear water;T2:lead solution and selenium fertilizer)The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for the production of selenium-rich crops,to ensure crop safety and the degradation of heavy metals in the crop.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The effects of leaf spraying selenium fertilizer on nutrient accumulation and quality of crops were studied.Spraying selenium fertilizer on the leaves increased the selenium content in various tissues of maize,soybean and sorghum,and the selenium content of all three crops showed an increasing trend with the increase of selenium application dosage.C2,S1 and G2 are spraying treatments that have the highest possible selenium content and meet the national safety standards for selenium rich agricultural products.Overall,soybean seeds have the strongest selenium enrichment ability.Different selenium fertilizer treatments can promote plant growth and increase crop yield to varying degrees.The yield increase effect of each crop is the best when treated with C2,S2 and G1.Spraying selenium fertilizer on the leaves can regulate the distribution and transportation of dry matter in plants,promote the accumulation of dry matter in various organs of crops at different stages,stimulate crop growth and development,and have a positive effect on the improvement of plant biomass.It provides sufficient nutrients for the formation and filling of crop grains,thereby promoting an increase in yield.Different selenium fertilizer treatments had different effects on the protein,starch,crude fat,total sugar and reducing sugar content in corn,soybean and sorghum grains in this experiment.Selenium fertilizer treatments increased the protein and starch content in corn grains,protein and crude fat content in soybean grains,protein,starch and reducing sugar content in sorghum grains.Selenium treatment of all three crops promoted protein content.After different spraying treatments,there is a positive correlation between Se and Mn,Zn,Ni,Mo in corn grains,which has an accompanying effect on these elements and promotes the absorption process.It has negative correlation with Fe,Cu and B,and has antagonism on these elements,inhibiting absorption and utilization.Among them,there is a highly significant negative correlation between different Se contents and B content in corn grains,indicating that the increase in Se content has a highly significant inhibitory effect on B.After different spraying treatments,the contents of As,Pb,Cr,Cd,Hg and other heavy metals in corn kernels were all lower than the national food hygiene standards.Se has a negative correlation with Cd,Hg and Pb,produces antagonism and inhibits absorption and utilization.Among them,there is a highly significant negative correlation between different Se contents and Pb content in corn grains,which has an advantage in reducing the pollution and toxicity of heavy metals to the environment.(2)The effects of leaf spraying selenium fertilizer on lead accumulation in different parts of maize were studied.Comparing CK and T1,it can be found that spraying high concentrations of lead on corn leaves significantly reduces the absorption of selenium by various parts of the corn.By comparing T1 and T2,spraying selenium fertilizer on leaves can effectively remove soluble lead in mature corn grains and corn cobs,with removal rates of 57.78%and 55.07%,respectively.Selenium and lead have a strong antagonism effect on corn kernels and corn cobs.Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the effect of foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer,this experiment found that under the three treatments of C2,S1 and G1,the increase in selenium content and yield growth were significant,and recommended the most suitable spraying dosage treatment;Selenium can antagonize the accumulation of lead in crops and has advantages in reducing the toxic effects of heavy metals on the environment.In future research,further evaluation is needed to provide a theoretical basis for large-scale promotion.