| As the most basic natural resources of agricultural production,cultivated land is a complex social ecological system.The function of cultivated land refers to the ability of human beings to meet the needs of material production and life and spiritual civilization during the development and utilization of cultivated land resources.Since the reform and opening up,people’s living standard has been improved,their thinking and cognition have changed,and the demand for cultivated land has been increasingly diversified.However,due to the increasing problems such as idle cultivated land resources,non-agricultural non-grain conversion,reduced quality of cultivated land habitat,and decreased resilience of ecosystem,the contradiction between human demand and cultivated land supply is increasingly aggravated,and the multifunctional development of cultivated land is hindered.Since the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,under the background of promoting ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization strategy,the protection of cultivated land has emphasized the "trinity" protection pattern of quantity,quality and ecology.The strategic requirements of the state on cultivated land have been strengthened continuously.While attaching great importance to the agricultural production function of cultivated land,the state emphasizes the play of ecological and landscape functions derived from the needs of social and economic development of cultivated land.It highlights the demand for multifunctional management of cultivated land.Jiangjin District of Chongqing Municipality was included into the national pilot zone for urban-rural integration in Southwest China in 2019.Cultivated land is the basis of industrial development.How to stabilize the total amount of grain production,ensure grain supply and demand,maintain the balance between cultivated land protection and regional development,orderly promote the integrated development of primary,secondary and secondary industries,and give full play to the diversified value of cultivated land? It has become an important problem for the protection of cultivated land in Jiangjin District.Based on this,this paper takes Jiangjin District of Chongqing as the research object,analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of cultivated land multifunctional,identifies the regional dominant function of cultivated land,explores the influencing factors of the comprehensive function and individual function of cultivated land in the study area,and proposes targeted optimization countermeasures for cultivated land multifunctional management,in order to promote the balanced and coordinated development of cultivated land multifunctional under the background of urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.We will promote sustainable use of cultivated land resources.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)From 2005 to 2020,the comprehensive function level of cultivated land in Jiangjin District decreased first and then increased in a fluctuation pattern,showing a spatial pattern of "high in the central part,low in the southern and northern parts,and enhanced spatial agglomeration in the high-value areas".The change trend of agricultural production function was similar to that of cultivated land comprehensive function,which decreased first and then increased.The spatial distribution had a great correlation with landform,showing a spatial pattern of "decreasing from the middle to the south to the north".The social security function has been declining,showing a spatial pattern of "stable in the south and north,weakened in the middle".The ecological maintenance function showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,showing a spatial pattern of "declining in the north and stable in the south".The landscape aesthetic function first maintained stable,then grew rapidly and then slowly,showing a spatial pattern of "high in the east,low in the west,high in the north and low in the south".From the results of equilibrium degree analysis,the cultivated land multifunctional equilibrium state in Jiangjin District gradually improved,and the main equilibrium state gradually changed from basic equilibrium to moderate equilibrium,showing a spatial distribution feature of "gradual decline from the middle to the north and south".The agglomeration characteristics of the moderate equilibrium area were gradually significant,and the imbalance area was basically stable in the southern mountainous area and the northern central town area.(2)During the study period,the functions of cultivated land in Jiangjin District gradually tended to be diversified,and the dominant functions developed in the direction of multiple coexistence.The dominant functional types of cultivated land in Jiangjin District are dominated by double functional dominant types,which generally shows the change trend from single functional dominant type to double functional dominant type.From the perspective of spatial dimension,the dominant type of agricultural production gradually changed from agglomeration distribution to dispersion distribution.Social security advantages first extend westward and then gradually disappear;Agricultural production-social security advantages concentrated in the eastern region;The dominant type of agricultural production-ecological maintenance is distributed around the central town;The dominant type of agricultural production-landscape aesthetics gradually concentrated in the western region.The social security-ecological conservation dominance gradually concentrated in the southern region;Ecological maintenance-landscape aesthetics dominant type mainly distributed in the northern part of Jiangjin District.From the evolution path of dominant function,the cultivated land multifunction in Jiangjin District is mainly dominated by dominant stable type and dominant increasing type.(3)The multifunctional factors of cultivated land in Jiangjin District are affected by natural environment,geographical location,economic development,social development and other factors,and the main influencing factors of different cultivated land functions are different.The agricultural production function of cultivated land is greatly affected by altitude,per capita GDP,gross agricultural product and population density,among which altitude has a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural production function,per capita GDP,gross agricultural product and population density have a positive promoting effect to a greater extent,and the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries has a negative effect.The social security function of cultivated land is greatly affected by topographic relief,the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries,the number of agricultural employees,and the urbanization rate.The proportion of secondary and tertiary industries and the urbanization rate have a significantly enhanced negative impact on it,while the relief degree and the number of agricultural employees have a positive promoting effect on it.The ecological maintenance function of cultivated land is greatly affected by geographical location,per capita GDP and population density.The distance from the central town has a stronger negative significance on the ecological maintenance function of cultivated land,while the per capita GDP has a stronger positive significance on it,and the population density has a weaker negative significance on the ecological maintenance function.The cultivated land landscape aesthetic function is mainly affected by economic and social development,and the leading factors change from social development factors to economic development factors,among which,the gross agricultural product and urbanization rate have a greater impact on it,and both show positive correlation.(4)According to the comprehensive perspective of "functional level-multifunctional equilibrium degree-advantageous function",Jiangjin District was divided into five types: urban agriculture sightseeing area,leisure agriculture production area,modern agriculture demonstration area,characteristic agriculture development area and ecological agriculture protection area.Urban agriculture sightseeing areas are mainly distributed in the vicinity of the central town,including Degan Street,Jijiang Street,Shuangfu Street,Luohuang Town;The production areas of leisure agriculture are mainly distributed in the western part of the central region,including seven towns such as Baisha Town,Youxi Town and Li Town.The modern agriculture demonstration zone is mainly distributed in the eastern part of the central part of Jiangjin District,including Longhua Town,Ciyun Town,Xianfeng Town and other 7 towns.The characteristic agricultural development area is distributed in the southern edge of leisure agricultural production area and modern agriculture demonstration area,including Yongxing Town,Jiaping Town,Caijia Town and other five towns;The ecological agriculture protection area is distributed in the southern edge of Jiangjin District,including four towns,namely,Sianshan Town,Bolin Town,Zhongshan Town and Tanghe Town.Based on the natural environment,economic development,location conditions,social development and other actual conditions of each zone,adhering to the principle of "carry forward the advantages,improve the weaknesses",differentiated multi-functional zoning optimization strategies of cultivated land were proposed to improve the balance degree of various functions and promote the coordinated development of multiple regional functions. |
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