Study On Growth And Physiological Characteristics Of Four Kinds Of Actinidia Arguta Under Facility Environment

In order to clarify the adaptability of Actinidia arguta under the cultivation of facilities in Alar Reclamation area and enrich the planting types of forest fruit in facilities in Alar Reclamation area,this study takes four Actinidia arguta varieties’Longcheng 2’,’Kui lv’,’red kiwi’and’Kangtian’as the introduced research objects.Through the combination of facility test,investigation,monitoring and laboratory analysis test,The phenological period,agronomic characters,physiological and biochemical indexes of four varieties of Actinidia jujube were studied and compared.The main research conclusions are as follows:（1）The survival rates of’Longcheng 2’and’Kui lv’and’Kangtian’were 89.13%,94.74%and84.78%,while the survival rates of’red kiwi’were 46.15%.Among them,the variety’Kangtian’had the earliest germination（January 15）,the longest growth period（bud to deciduous）（289 d）,’red kiwi’had the latest germination time（February 5）,’Kui lv’had the shortest growth period（277d）,’Longcheng 2’’red Kiwi’had the same germination time（January 25）and growth period（277d）.There was a 21 d difference in germination and 12 d difference in growth period between cultivars in facility cultivation environment.（2）The annual growth amount,stem diameter,epidermal cells,palisade tissue and spongy tissue of’Kui lv’were significantly higher than those of’Longcheng 2’,’red kiwi’and’Kang Tian’（p<0.05）,while the leaf length width and leaf area of’Longcheng 2’were significantly higher than those of’red kiwi’and’Kang Tian’（p<0.05）,but there was no significant difference between’Kui lv’and’Longcheng 2’.（3）The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of four Actinidia arguta cultivars in different months showed a"double peak"curve,with obvious photosynthetic"siesta"phenomenon,which was all caused by stomatal factors.In April,’Kui lv’Pn was positively correlated with Car（p<0.01）,and’Kangtian’Pn was positively correlated with Ta（p<0.05）.The Pn of’Longcheng No.2’,’Kui lv’and’Kangtian’in August was significantly positively correlated with PAR（p<0.05）,and the Pn of the four varieties was negatively correlated with Ta.Combined with the highest Ta（39℃）PAR(637.98μmol·m^-2·s^-1),LUE and WUE,the Pn of August Actinidia arguta was limited by PAR and Ta.（4）According to the light response fitting and related parameter analysis of four Actinidia arguta cultivars,’Longcheng 2’had the highest LSP,’Kui lv’had the highest Pnmax,’red kiwifruit’had the highest AQY,LCP,Rd,and’Kangtian’had the lowest indexes in April.In August,’Longcheng No.2’had the highest AQY,Pnmax and Rd,’Qilu’had the highest LSP and LCP,’Red kiwi’and’Kangtian’had weak performance,low LSP,LCP,Pnmax and other indexes,which was suitable for growth in weak light environment,and vulnerable to stress in strong light environment.（5）In the face of high temperature and low light stress in summer,’Longcheng No.2’and’Kui lv’increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulation substances except POD activity,’red kiwi’increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulation substances,’Kangtian’CAT activity and SS content showed a decreasing trend.SOD activity,POD activity,MDA content,SP content and Pro content all increased,which indicated that Actinidia arguta could resist the damage of summer adversity by improving the physiological mechanism of protective enzyme activity（SOD）and osmotic regulation substance（SP Pro）.However,there were some differences in physiological adaptation to adversity among different varieties.（6）The growth morphology,anatomical structure,photosynthetic characteristics and physiological and biochemical indexes of four varieties of Actinidia arguta were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis,and the varieties’Kui lv’>’Longcheng 2’>’red kiwi’>’Kangtian’were obtained.In conclusion,under the conditions of facilities,among the four introduced Actinidia arguta cultivars,’Kui lv’has the best growth performance,strong growth potential,high photosynthetic efficiency and strong stress resistance,and the comprehensive evaluation is the best.