Species Identification And Phylogenetic Analysis Of Hippobosca Equina Of Cattle In Southern Xinjiang

Hippbobsca equina is a kind of blood-sucking insect which can live on the body surface of animals.It can cause anemia,emaciation and other symptoms of the host,and can transmit pathogens,which will cause certain harm to the healthy development of animal husbandry.In order to understand the species distribution of Hippoboscidae on the body surface of cattle in southern Xinjiang,morphological and molecular biological methods were used to identify the Hippoboscidae on the body surface of cattle in southern Xinjiang.1.In this study,a total of 660 body surface H.equina were collected from a dairy farm in Alar,and the overall morphology,antennae,terminalia and feet of the samples were observed and described by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope.The body length of adult H.equina is 7.0-9.0 mm,the wing length is 6.5-8.0 mm,and the body color ranges from yellow to black.The female flies are slightly larger,with transparent,colorless to brown wings and two pairs of wings,the hind wings degenerate into a pair of halter.Compound eyes development,occupy more than half of the head,monocular has three known as monocular triangle,antennae were three sections,back with arista.The adult dorsal is slightly raised,andthe abdomen is conspicuously segmented,and the dorsal side is bristled.According to the morphological comparison and identification of the insect map and related literature,the blood-sucking insects collected in this time were consistent with the morphological characteristics of the H.equina of Hippoboscoidea and Hippbobsca,and were identified as the H.equina.2.Extract 24 tissue DNA samples from H.equina,PCR assays targeting on 12 S r DNA,16 S r DNA,18 S r DNA and COI gene were performed.All samples were amplified successfully and their sequence information was obtained.The homology of 12 S r DNA sequence of the H equina was 90.77% with that of the Hylemya nigrimana from China in 2022.The 16 S r DNA sequence of the H equina was 99.17% homologous to the sequrnce of H equina from Kazakhstan in 2023.The homology between the 18 S r DNA sequence of the H equina and the sequence of the H equina from Kazakhstan in 2023 was 96.71%.The COI sequence of the H equina from Egypt in 2021,the H equina from Finland in 2021 and the H equina from Egypt in 2019 showed 100% homology.The result showe that the blood-sucking insects collect this study is H equina,which is consistent with the morphological identification results.In conclusion,the parasitic Hippoboscoidea of cattle in southern Xinjiang was H equina.PCR assays targeting on 12 S r DNA,16 S r DNA,18 S r DNA and COI gene were performed.It can be used as a molecular biological method to accurately identify the H equina,and the Hippoboscoidea presented diverse genetic distribution characteristic.Our results provide the basic data for the morphological and molecular genetic evolution characterization of H equina.