The Study On The Effect Of Optimal Mixed Feed Of Recognition Of Sweet Sorghum And Defective Pear Fermentation On Feeding Of Small-tail Han Sheep

China has been a big agricultural country since ancient times,and animal husbandry is an indispensable part of agriculture,but nowadays feed resources are limited,and many feed raw materials are dependent on imports.Therefore,it is very important to maximize the forage resources under the existing conditions.In this study,small-tail Han sheep were used as the experimental animal,and the selected sweet sorghum variety(Hercules)suitable for planting in southern Xinjiang was mixed with the residual fragrant pear fermentation and other feed materials to produce TMR.The supplemental proportions of residual fragrant pear fermentation were 0%(CON),2%(KPF2),4%(KPF4),and 6%(KPF6),respectively.The experiment was conducted from the selection of sweet sorghum varieties in the early stage to feeding in the late stage,and the effects of sweet sorghum yield and nutritional quality,the mixed fermentation of sweet sorghum and residual fragrant pear TMR on the growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,slaughter performance,meat quality,serum indexes,gastrointestinal morphology and microflora structure of small tail Han sheep were studied.The results showed that:(1)the yield and nutritional quality of Hercules were the best,so the Hercules were selected as the added roughage for late feeding.(2)The average daily gain and daily feed intake of all treatment groups were significantly different(P<0.05),the ADG and ADFI of KPF4 were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the dry matter digestibility of KPF6 was significantly decreased(P<0.05);(3)There was no significant change in slaughtering performance of each treatment(P>0.05),but the shear force gradually decreased with the increase of the added proportion,and the muscle fat content of KPF6 was significantly increased(P<0.05).(4)The contents of SOD,GLU,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,and TG were not significantly changed(P>0.05),the MDA content of KPF4 was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the GSHPX content was significantly increased(P<0.05);(5)There were no significant differences in rumen morphology and structure among treatment groups(P>0.05).KPF4 had the best morphology in the jejunum,cecum,and colon,and KPF2 had the best morphology in the ileum.(6)In rumen,Chao1 index of KPF2 and KPF4 was significantly lower than that of CON and KPF6(P<0.05).β diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences between the three treatment groups supplemented with residual fragrant pear fermentation and the CON group(P<0.05).There are 4distinct species at the phylum and genus levels.In the jejunum,Chao1 and Shannon indexes in the added group were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05).β diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences between the three treatment groups supplemented with the added group(P<0.05).There were 7 distinct species at the phylum and genus levels.In the ileum,there were no significant differences among treatment groups in Chao1 and Coverage index(P>0.05),KPF2 had the highest Shannon index and was significantly higher than KPF6 and CON(P<0.05),and β diversity was significantly different among treatment groups(P<0.05).There were10 distinct species at the phylum and genus levels.In the cecum,the Chao1 and Shannon indexes of KPF6 were significantly different from those of the other three groups(P<0.05)and were at the lowest level.In terms of β diversity,there were significant differences among treatment groups(P<0.05).There were 8 distinct species at the phylum and genus levels.In the colon,there were significant differences in Chao1,Shannon,and Coverage index among treatment groups(P<0.05),and there were significant differences in β diversity among treatment groups(P<0.05).There were14 distinct species at the level of mesophyll and genus.There was no significant change in the structure of core metabolic pathways in each treatment group.When the supplemental level was2%—4%,the abundance of core metabolic pathways was improved,among which KPF4 was the highest in the rumen and colon,KPF2 was the highest in the jejunum and ileum,and CON was the highest in the cecum.After the addition of residual fragrant pear fermentation,the differences in metabolic pathways among treatment groups mainly existed in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.In the jejunum,the glucose glycolysis pathway Ⅱ of KPF2 releases more energy,so that the body can use more energy.In the ileum,KPF2 enriched the most pentose phosphate pathway,which was used to produce more NADPH,which was helpful to improve the antioxidant capacity of small-tail Han sheep.In the cecum,the L-isoleucine synthesis pathway of KPF4 was significantly increased,indicating that KPF4 had a stronger ability to synthesize amino acids.In the colon,KPF4 is enriched in the pentose phosphate pathway,which is helpful to improve antioxidant capacity.The effects of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract on the growth performance of animals were obvious.The abundance of NK4A214＿group,unclassified Spirillaceae,and Shuttleworthia in the rumen was significantly positively correlated with FCR,while Osenella was significantly negatively correlated with FCR.Christensenaceae R-7 group was negatively correlated with ADG and ADFI.The abundance of Aerococcus in the ileum was positively correlated with ADFI.The abundance of Mogibacterium and Rumincoccus was significantly negatively correlated with FCR.The abundance of Solibacillus in the cecum was positively correlated with ADG.The abundance of Spirillaceae,Christensenaceae R-7 group,and Bacillus were significantly positively correlated with ADFI,while the abundance of Treponemonas and Candidatus＿saccharimonas were significantly negatively correlated with ADFI.The abundance of unclassified Spirillaceae in the colon is significantly positively correlated with ADFI,and the abundance of Family＿Ⅻ＿AD3011＿group is significantly positively correlated with ADG.In conclusion,the suitable sweet sorghum variety for planting in southern Xinjiang is Hercules.After making TMR with Hercules and other feed materials,adding 2%～4% residual fragrant pear fermentation is beneficial to the growth and development of small-tail Han sheep and maintaining healthy intestinal conditions.