Screening Of Maize Hybrids Suitable For Mechanical Grain Harvesting And Research On High-Yielding Cultivation Technology Of Jinongda6018

The whole mechanization of corn production is an inevitable trend in the development of corn production,at present,China’s corn production from land preparation,sowing,field management to harvesting almost realized mechanization,but the mechanization of harvesting for mechanical picking ears.The whole mechanization of corn production is still the last kilometer-mechanical grain collection.The key is to select and breeding new maize varieties suitable for mechanical grain harvesting.In this study,1525 maize hybrids were newly formulated by the team,Jidan 27(CK1)was used as the maturity control and Xianyu335(CK2)as the yield control,the seed moisture content and yield of the participating hybrids at harvest,the relationship between harvest quality and seed moisture content,the rate of collapse and stalk strength were studied,in the hope of screening new maize varieties suitable for mechanical grain harvesting to meet production needs.It is expected to screen new maize varieties suitable for mechanical grain harvesting to meet production needs.And the new maize variety Jinongda6018,which will be approved soon,will be studied for high-yield cultivation technology,so as to clarify the reasonable planting density and the best fertilization level of this variety,provide theoretical and technical guidance for the large-scale promotion of Jinongda6018.The main findings were as follows:1.Combined with the 1352 maize hybrids of planting identification,maturity,resistance,yield at harvest and seed moisture content,screening yield than Jidan 27 more than 5% increase in yield,maturity and Jidan 27 close to 15 maize hybrids,moisture content at harvest within 26%.2.A study on the relationship between the fall rate and plant traits and stalk strength of 17 maize hybrids(including CK1 and CK2)revealed that the fall rate was highly significantly negatively correlated with stalk strength,plant height,cob height and stalk thickness.Stalk puncture strength showed a significant positive correlation with stem thickness and a significant negative correlation with plant height and spike position.Stalk tensile strength was significantly and positively correlated with stem thickness,and significantly and negatively correlated with plant height,spike position,and internode length of 3rd stem node.There were S106,S103,S111 and S108 with better stalk resistance to overturning in the 17 maize hybrids(including the control varieties CK1 and CK2).3.The study on the relationship between seed moisture content and harvest quality found that the seed moisture content at harvest was highly significantly and positively correlated with the seed breakage rate and impurity rate,significantly and negatively correlated with the drop rate and drop rate.The rate of breakage was positively and significantly correlated with the rate of impurities and the rate of grain drop.The impurity rate and the drop rate reached a significant positive correlation.The rate of spike drop and total loss rate reached a highly significant positive correlation.4.The yields of these three hybrids were 13,461.5 kg/hm~2,13,412.3 kg/hm~2,and 12,820.5 kg/hm~2,which were 7.1%,6.8%,and 2.0% higher than those of CK2.The seed moisture content was 23.3%,23.9% and 23.1%.The yield of S110 was 13333.3kg/hm~2 and the seed water content was 24.8%,which was 6.1% higher than that of CK2,with high yield and slightly higher seed water content,which can be used as a backup variety for mechanical grain harvesting.5.The effect of planting density and fertilizer level on the main agronomic traits and yield of Jinongda6018 revealed that the differences in plant height,spike height,stem thickness,spike length,spike row number,bald tip length and 100 grain weight of Jinongda6018 did not reach a significant level with the same planting density and different fertilizer levels.The difference between row grain number X3 and X1 reached a highly significant level.The differences between spike grain weight X3 and X2,X3 and X1 reached a significant level.The yield of Jinongda6018 increased gradually with the level of fertilizer,and after reaching a certain level of fertilizer(X2),the yield decreased again with the increase of fertilizer.At the same fertilizer level and different planting densities,the differences in plant height,stem thickness and row grain size of Jinongda6018 did not reach a significant level,and the differences in spike height Y5 and Y3,and Y5 and Y1 reached a significant level.The differences between spike length Y2 and Y5,Y2 and Y4 reached significant levels.The difference of 100 grain weight Y1 and Y4 reached a significant level.Spike grain weight Y4 differed from Y1,Y4 differed from Y2 to reach a significant level.In the set density range(6.0 million plants/hm~2-9.0 million plants/hm~2)the yield of Jinongda6018 increased with the increase of planting density.6.The reasonable planting density of Jinongda6018 was 90,000 plants/hm~2,the reasonable fertilizer level was 450 kg/hm~2,and the yield was 14,182.6 kg/hm~2.