Heterosis Analysis Of Main Characters And Study On Starch Accumulation Characteristics In Popcorn

Popcorn is one of the eight major subspecies of corn,which is deeply loved by the general public due to its ability to explode when exposed to heat to form a unique aroma of popcorn.In this experiment,14 popcorn inbred lines were used as parent materials,and 48 hybrid combinations were assembled using NCⅡdesign.The genetic characteristics of their main traits,such as combining ability and heterosis,were analyzed,and the starch accumulation characteristics were studied.The main results were as follows:1.Parents B4 and B1 with better GCA performance in yield traits,parents A4 and B2 with better GCA performance in swelling quality,and combinations A6 with better comprehensive performance in special combining ability in various traits were selected×B6 and A4×B8.2.The F1 generation showed significant heterosis in agronomic traits,but not in quality traits.Selection of combinations A4 showing strong dominance in yield correlation×B1 and A1×B3,a combination with strong advantages in terms of expansion and explosion quality A3×B5 and A3×B7.3.The broad and narrow heritabilities of plant height and ear position reached high levels,making them suitable for selection in early generations;Other traits have low narrow sense heritability and are suitable for selection in the later generation.4.The correlation between agronomic traits of 48 hybrid combinations of popcorn was significant,with significant negative correlation and extremely significant negative correlation between water content and popcorn expansion multiple and popcorn percentage,respectively,which had a significant impact on popcorn quality.5.Principal component analysis was conducted on the main characters of popcorn hybrid combinations to extract the top five principal components,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 81.467%.Ranking was conducted based on the comprehensive score of the principal components,A2×B5 is the combination with the highest score.6.The total starch,amylose,and amylopectin content of popcorn gradually increased with the growth process and the trend of change was consistent,showing a"S"type change.The accumulation rate of each starch component showed a single peak change curve of first increasing and then decreasing.There are differences in the characteristic parameters of the logistic starch accumulation model for different materials,and the theoretical accumulation final value（k）is affected by various starch accumulation characteristic parameters.7.The characteristic parameters of the logistic total starch accumulation model have a certain relationship with the yield and quality formation of popcorn.Among them,the theoretical accumulation end value,the maximum accumulation rate(V_max),and the average accumulation rate(V_mean)have effects on the yield formation,while the theoretical accumulation end value,the average accumulation rate,the time to reach the maximum accumulation rate(T_max),and the accumulation active period（D）have effects on the formation of popcorn quality.