Application Of Shallow Drip Irrigation Coupling ’324’ Farming Technology In Sandy Soil

In response to the problems of soil alkalization,soil infertile,low nutrient utilization and low quality and low efficiency of crops with unstable yield in low-yielding dry fields in the alkaline wind-sand soil area of western Jilin,we carried out demonstration and further experimental work on stable and high-yielding planting techniques in low-yielding dry fields at Changling Experimental Station through new monopoly type cultivation and different nitrogen application techniques.In order to discuss the feasibility of this technology,the effects of 98 cm large monopoly double rows and N application under shallow drip irrigation on soil chemistry,fertility traits and N fertilizer utilization of maize were studied,as well as the yield and economic benefits of“324”cultivation and different N application rates of maize on this basis.The“324”cultivation technique is to change the local 65 cm monopoly spacing of 3monopoly into 2 monopoly,widen the monopoly spacing to 98 cm and plant 2 rows per monopoly,so that 3 monopoly and 3 rows will become 2 monopoly and 4 rows,so it is called“324”cultivation.There were seven treatments in the experiment,namely,no N fertilizer under“324”tillage(“324”N0),180 kg/hm~2of N under“324”tillage(N180)under“324”tillage,210 kg/hm~2under“324”tillage(“324”N210),N240kg/hm~2under“324”tillage(“324”N240),280 kg/hm~2under“324”tillage(“324”N280"),no N fertilization under conventional monopoly tillage(monopoly N0),and 180 kg/hm~2under conventional monopoly tillage(monopoly N180),and the experiment was conducted in a randomized group design with three replications per treatment.The main test results are as follows:1.Compared with conventional monoculture cultivation,“324”cultivation increased soil organic matter,soil total nitrogen,soil alkaline nitrogen,soil nitrate nitrogen,soil ammonium nitrogen,fast-acting phosphorus and fast-acting potassium content at the same N application rate in all fertility periods.Compared with“324”N0,“324”N treatment increased the contents of soil total N,soil alkaline N,soil nitrate N,soil ammonium N,fast-acting phosphorus and fast-acting potassium under“324”tillage at different fertility periods,with“324”N240 treatment having the best effect.2.Maize growth characteristics such as plant height,stalk thickness and dry matter accumulation of all organs were generally higher under“324”cultivation than under conventional monopoly at the same N application rate in different fertility periods.Under“324”tillage at all fertility periods,N application treatments improved maize growth characteristics such as plant height,stalk thickness,root morphology,and dry matter accumulation of each organ,and each N application treatment was significantly higher than“324”N0,with the best effect of“324”N240 treatment.3.The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen utilization rate of all organs of maize in“324”cultivation were higher than those in conventional monopoly at all fertility periods,and the differences were significant.The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen utilization of each organ of maize showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application at each fertility period under“324”cultivation,and the plant nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen utilization of maize were at the best level when the matching nitrogen application rate was 240 kg/hm~2.4.The yield and net benefit of“324”cultivation were higher than those of conventional monopoly at the same N application rate,and the difference was significant.The best results were obtained with“324”N240 treatment compared with“324”N0 for each N treatment under“324”cultivation.